uv-scripts（紫外线脚本）

UV Scripts

Overview

Use uv run to execute standalone scripts with automatic dependency management. Prefer inline metadata for self-contained scripts and --no-project when you are inside a project but do not need project code.

Quick Reference

Running a Script Without Dependencies

uv run example.py
uv run example.py arg1 arg2

Run a module:

uv run -m http.server 8000
uv run -m pytest

Read from stdin:

echo 'print("hello")' | uv run -

Here-doc:

uv run - <<EOF
print("hello")
EOF

Project vs. No-Project Mode

• In a project (directory with pyproject.toml), uv run installs the project first.
• If the script does not need project code, use --no-project to skip installation.
• The --no-project flag must be before the script name.

uv run --no-project example.py

If you use inline script metadata, project dependencies are ignored automatically and --no-project is not required.

Running a Script With Dependencies

Use --with to add per-invocation dependencies:

uv run --with rich example.py
uv run --with 'rich>12,<13' example.py
uv run --with rich --with requests example.py

In a project, these dependencies are added on top of project dependencies. Use --no-project to avoid that.

Inline Script Metadata (Recommended)

Initialize inline metadata:

uv init --script example.py --python 3.12

Add dependencies:

uv add --script example.py 'requests<3' 'rich'

Example script:

# /// script
# dependencies = [
#   "requests<3",
#   "rich",
# ]
# ///

import requests
from rich.pretty import pprint

resp = requests.get("https://peps.python.org/api/peps.json")
data = resp.json()
pprint([(k, v["title"]) for k, v in data.items()][:10])

Notes:

• The dependencies field must be provided even if empty.
• Inline metadata ignores project dependencies; --no-project is not required.

Specify a Python requirement in metadata:

# /// script
# requires-python = ">=3.12"
# dependencies = []
# ///

uv run will locate (and download if needed) the required Python version.

Shebang for Executable Scripts

#!/usr/bin/env -S uv run --script

print("Hello, world!")

Make executable and run:

chmod +x greet
./greet

Dependencies are supported in this mode via inline metadata.

Locking and Reproducibility

Lock dependencies for a script:

uv lock --script example.py

This creates example.py.lock next to the script. Subsequent uv run --script, uv add --script, and uv export --script reuse the lock.

To improve reproducibility across time, add exclude-newer:

# /// script
# dependencies = ["requests"]
# [tool.uv]
# exclude-newer = "2023-10-16T00:00:00Z"
# ///

Alternative Package Indexes

uv add --index "https://example.com/simple" --script example.py 'requests<3' 'rich'

This adds tool.uv.index metadata to the script.

Python Version Selection

uv run --python 3.10 example.py

Windows GUI Scripts

On Windows, .pyw scripts run with pythonw:

uv run example.pyw

Dependencies still work, e.g. uv run --with PyQt5 example_pyqt.pyw.

Common Mistakes

• Using python script.py after installing deps manually instead of uv run.
• Forgetting --no-project in project directories when you do not need project code.
• Placing --no-project after the script name.
• Omitting the # /// script metadata block when you want self-contained scripts.
• Assuming inline metadata uses project dependencies (it ignores them).