git-commit（Git 提交）

Git Commit

Create atomic, well-formatted commits with emoji conventional commit messages.

Workflow

Step 1: Assess

Run git status. Then check:

Abort if:

• Unresolved merge conflicts exist → inform the user and STOP
• No modified, staged, or untracked files exist → inform the user and STOP

Gather context:

1. git log --oneline -5 — learn the project's existing commit style
2. git diff --staged if files are already staged; otherwise git diff for tracked files
3. For untracked files shown in git status, use Read to view their content

If files are already staged: work with ONLY those files. Do NOT stage additional files.

Step 2: Classify and Group

For each changed file, determine its type (feat/fix/refactor/docs/...) and concern (which subsystem or feature it belongs to).

Group into logical units — each one a single coherent purpose that stands alone as a git log entry. Apply keep-together rules first to form atomic units, then evaluate split rules between those units.

Split when ANY apply:

1. Changes serve different purposes (bug fix + new feature)
2. Changes touch unrelated subsystems (backend API + frontend CSS)
3. Source code changes mixed with unrelated documentation
4. Diff exceeds ~200 lines with separable concerns
5. Formatting/style changes mixed with logic changes

Keep together:

• Feature/fix + its tests
• Code + its type definitions
• Multi-file rename of the same symbol
• Code + documentation describing that same code

Step 3: Stage

Single logical unit → git add <file1> <file2>..., proceed to Step 4.

Multiple logical units →

1. Present the plan: N logical groups: 1. [type]: [desc] (files) 2....
2. STOP and wait for the user to confirm — do not proceed until they respond
3. For each group (foundational changes first): stage → commit (Step 4) → loop back

Rules:

• ALWAYS use explicit file paths — NEVER git add -A or git add.
• NEVER stage secret files (.env, credentials, keys, tokens) — warn the user and skip

Step 4: Commit

Format: <emoji> <type>: <description>

Rules:

• Imperative mood, present tense ("add" not "added")
• Subject line under 72 characters
• Lowercase after colon ("feat: add..." not "feat: Add...")
• No co-authorship footer
• Match project's commit style observed in Step 1

Critical overrides (always use instead of the base emoji):

• 💥 for ANY breaking change → 💥 feat:...
• 🚑️ for production-critical hotfixes → 🚑️ fix:...
• 🔒️ for security vulnerability fixes → 🔒️ fix:...

For other specialized sub-types, read references/emoji-mapping.md for 50+ emoji.

Add a body (blank line after subject) when the "why" isn't obvious, breaking changes need explanation, or the commit closes an issue (Closes #NNN).

Use direct git commit flags:

# Subject only
git commit -m "<emoji> <type>: <description>"

# Subject + body
git commit -m "<emoji> <type>: <description>" -m "<optional body>"

# Multiple body paragraphs
git commit -m "<emoji> <type>: <description>" -m "<paragraph 1>" -m "<paragraph 2>"

Step 5: Verify

1. git log --oneline -3 — confirm the commit message matches the expected format
2. If groups remain from Step 3, return to Step 3
3. After all commits: git status to confirm no unintended changes remain

If commit failed (pre-commit hook, etc.): inform the user of the error and STOP. Do NOT use --amend — the failed commit was never created. On re-invocation, create a NEW commit.

Edge Cases

• Binary files: Note in commit context; do not analyze diff content
• Large changesets (>500 lines): Always propose splitting, even if changes appear to be a single logical unit
• User-described intent: If the user describes the purpose of changes in the conversation, use that as primary guide but validate against the actual diff — adjust if it doesn't match

Examples

Single commit:

✨ feat: add user authentication with JWT tokens

With body:

💥 feat: migrate API response format to v2

The old format nested data under `response.data`. The new format puts it
at the top level. This is a breaking change for all API consumers.

Closes #234

Split commits (refactored shared module + added feature with tests + unrelated docs):

1. ♻️ refactor: extract validation logic into shared module
2. ✨ feat: add email format validation with unit tests
3. 📝 docs: update project setup guide