twig-component（树枝组件）

TwigComponent

Reusable UI components with PHP classes + Twig templates. Think React/Vue components, but server-rendered with zero JavaScript.

Two flavors exist: class components (PHP class + Twig template) for components that need logic, services, or computed properties, and anonymous components (Twig-only, no PHP class) for simple presentational elements.

When to Use TwigComponent

Use TwigComponent when you need reusable markup with props but no server re-rendering after the initial render. If the component needs to react to user input (re-render via AJAX, data binding, actions), use LiveComponent instead.

Good candidates: buttons, alerts, cards, badges, icons, form widgets, layout sections, navigation items, table rows, modals (structure only).

Installation

composer require symfony/ux-twig-component

Class Component

A PHP class annotated with #[AsTwigComponent] paired with a Twig template.

// src/Twig/Components/Alert.php
namespace App\Twig\Components;

use Symfony\UX\TwigComponent\Attribute\AsTwigComponent;

#[AsTwigComponent]
final class Alert
{
    public string $type = 'info';
    public string $message;
    public bool $dismissible = false;
}

{# templates/components/Alert.html.twig #}
<div class="alert alert-{{ type }}" {{ attributes }}>
    {{ message }}
    {% if dismissible %}
        <button type="button" class="close">&times;</button>
    {% endif %}
</div>

{# Usage #}
<twig:Alert type="success" message="Saved!" />
<twig:Alert type="danger" message="Error occurred" dismissible />

{# With block content instead of message prop #}
<twig:Alert type="warning">
    <strong>Warning:</strong> Check your input
</twig:Alert>

Anonymous Component (Twig Only)

No PHP class needed. Props are declared with {% props %} directly in the template. Use for simple presentational components with no logic.

{# templates/components/Button.html.twig #}
{% props variant = 'primary', size = 'md', disabled = false %}

<button
    class="btn btn-{{ variant }} btn-{{ size }}"
    {{ disabled ? 'disabled' }}
    {{ attributes }}
>
    {% block content %}{% endblock %}
</button>

<twig:Button variant="danger" size="lg">Delete</twig:Button>

Props

Public Properties (Class Components)

Public properties become props. Required props have no default value.

#[AsTwigComponent]
final class Card
{
    public string $title;           // Required
    public ?string $subtitle = null; // Optional
    public bool $shadow = true;      // Optional with default
}

mount() for Derived State

Use mount() to compute values from incoming props. The method runs once during component initialization.

#[AsTwigComponent]
final class UserCard
{
    public User $user;
    public string $displayName;

    public function mount(User $user): void
    {
        $this->user = $user;
        $this->displayName = $user->getFullName();
    }
}

<twig:UserCard :user="currentUser" />

Dynamic Props (Colon Prefix)

Prefix a prop with : to pass a Twig expression instead of a string literal.

{# Pass a variable #}
<twig:Alert :type="alertType" :message="flashMessage" />

{# Pass an expression #}
<twig:UserList :users="users|filter(u => u.active)" />

Blocks (Slots)

Blocks let parent templates inject content into specific areas of a component.

Default Block

Content between component tags goes to {% block content %}:

{# Component template #}
<div class="card">{% block content %}{% endblock %}</div>

{# Usage #}
<twig:Card><p>This is the card content</p></twig:Card>

Named Blocks

{# templates/components/Modal.html.twig #}
<dialog class="modal" {{ attributes }}>
    <header>{% block header %}Default Header{% endblock %}</header>
    <main>{% block content %}{% endblock %}</main>
    <footer>{% block footer %}{% endblock %}</footer>
</dialog>

<twig:Modal>
    <twig:block name="header"><h2>Confirm Action</h2></twig:block>
    <twig:block name="content"><p>Are you sure?</p></twig:block>
    <twig:block name="footer">
        <button>Cancel</button>
        <button>Confirm</button>
    </twig:block>
</twig:Modal>

Computed Properties

Methods prefixed with get become accessible as this.xxx in templates. They are computed on each access (not cached across re-renders -- for caching, see LiveComponent's computed).

#[AsTwigComponent]
final class ProductCard
{
    public Product $product;

    public function getFormattedPrice(): string
    {
        return number_format($this->product->getPrice(), 2) . ' EUR';
    }

    public function isOnSale(): bool
    {
        return $this->product->getDiscount() > 0;
    }
}

<div class="product">
    <span class="price">{{ this.formattedPrice }}</span>
    {% if this.onSale %}
        <span class="badge">Sale!</span>
    {% endif %}
</div>

Attributes

Extra HTML attributes passed to the component are available via {{attributes}}. This is how you let consumers add custom classes, ids, data attributes, etc.

{# Usage #}
<twig:Alert type="info" message="Hello" class="my-class" id="main-alert" data-controller="alert" />

{# In component template -- renders class, id, data-controller #}
<div {{ attributes }}>...</div>

Attributes Methods

{# Merge with defaults #}
<div {{ attributes.defaults({class: 'alert'}) }}>

{# Exclude specific #}
<div {{ attributes.without('id', 'class') }}>

{# Only render specific #}
<div id="{{ attributes.render('id') }}">

{# Check existence #}
{% if attributes.has('disabled') %}

Components as Services

Components are Symfony services -- autowiring works naturally. Use the constructor for dependencies, public properties for props.

#[AsTwigComponent]
final class FeaturedProducts
{
    public function __construct(
        private readonly ProductRepository $products,
    ) {}

    public function getProducts(): array
    {
        return $this->products->findFeatured(limit: 6);
    }
}

{# templates/components/FeaturedProducts.html.twig #}
<div class="featured-products">
    {% for product in this.products %}
        <twig:ProductCard :product="product" />
    {% endfor %}
</div>

{# Usage -- no props needed, data comes from service #}
<twig:FeaturedProducts />

Lifecycle Hooks

use Symfony\UX\TwigComponent\Attribute\PreMount;
use Symfony\UX\TwigComponent\Attribute\PostMount;

#[AsTwigComponent]
final class DataTable
{
    public array $data;
    public string $sortBy = 'id';

    #[PreMount]
    public function preMount(array $data): array
    {
        // Modify/validate incoming data before property assignment
        $data['sortBy'] ??= 'id';
        return $data;
    }

    #[PostMount]
    public function postMount(): void
    {
        // Runs after all props are set
        $this->data = $this->sortData($this->data);
    }
}

Nested Components

Components compose naturally -- nest them like HTML elements:

<twig:Card>
    <twig:block name="header">
        <twig:Icon name="star" /> Featured
    </twig:block>
    <twig:block name="content">
        <twig:ProductList :products="featuredProducts">
            <twig:block name="empty">
                <twig:Alert type="info" message="No products found" />
            </twig:block>
        </twig:ProductList>
    </twig:block>
</twig:Card>

Configuration

# config/packages/twig_component.yaml
twig_component:
    anonymous_template_directory: 'components/'
    defaults:
        App\Twig\Components\: 'components/'

HTML vs Twig Syntax

{# HTML syntax (recommended -- better IDE support, more readable) #}
<twig:Alert type="success" message="Done!" />

{# Twig syntax (alternative -- useful in edge cases) #}
{% component 'Alert' with {type: 'success', message: 'Done!'} %}
{% endcomponent %}

Prefer HTML syntax (<twig:...>) in all cases. The Twig syntax ({% component %}) is legacy and less readable.

CVE-2025-47946 -- Attribute Injection

TwigComponent had a security vulnerability (CVE-2025-47946) related to unsanitized HTML attribute injection via ComponentAttributes. Make sure you are on a patched version (check the Symfony security advisories). The {{attributes}} helper now properly escapes values.

References

• Full API (attribute options, hooks, configuration, all methods): references/api.md
• Patterns (forms, tables, layouts, composition, real-world examples): references/patterns.md