telegram（Telegram Bot 开发）

Telegram Bot API - Integracao Profissional

Overview

Integracao completa com Telegram Bot API. Setup com BotFather, mensagens, webhooks, inline keyboards, grupos, canais. Boilerplates Node.js e Python.

When to Use This Skill

• When the user mentions "telegram" or related topics
• When the user mentions "bot telegram" or related topics
• When the user mentions "telegram bot" or related topics
• When the user mentions "api telegram" or related topics
• When the user mentions "chatbot telegram" or related topics
• When the user mentions "mensagem telegram" or related topics

Do Not Use This Skill When

• The task is unrelated to telegram
• A simpler, more specific tool can handle the request
• The user needs general-purpose assistance without domain expertise

How It Works

Skill para implementar bots profissionais no Telegram usando a Bot API oficial. Suporta Node.js/TypeScript e Python.

Overview

A Telegram Bot API permite criar bots que interagem com usuarios via mensagens, comandos, inline keyboards, pagamentos e muito mais. Bots sao criados pelo @BotFather e autenticados via token unico.

Base URL: https://api.telegram.org/bot<TOKEN>/METHOD_NAME Metodos HTTP: GET e POST Formatos de parametros: query string, application/x-www-form-urlencoded, application/json, multipart/form-data (uploads) Limite de arquivos: 50MB download, 20MB upload (via multipart), 50MB via URL

Portas suportadas para webhooks: 443, 80, 88, 8443

Pre-requisitos:

• Conta no Telegram
• Bot criado via @BotFather (fornece o token)
• Token no formato: 123456:ABC-DEF1234ghIkl-zyx57W2v1u123ew11

Se o usuario nao tem um bot criado, oriente a conversar com @BotFather no Telegram e enviar /newbot.

Decision Tree

O usuario precisa criar um bot?
├── SIM → Secao "Setup com BotFather" abaixo
└── NAO → Qual linguagem?
    ├── Node.js/TypeScript
    └── Python
    → O que quer fazer?
       ├── Enviar mensagens → Secao "Tipos de Mensagem"
       ├── Receber mensagens → Secao "Receber Updates"
       ├── Teclados interativos → Secao "Keyboards"
       ├── Gerenciar grupos/canais → references/chat-management.md
       ├── Webhook setup → references/webhook-setup.md
       ├── Inline mode → references/advanced-features.md
       ├── Pagamentos → references/advanced-features.md
       ├── Bot de atendimento com IA → Secao "Automacao com IA"
       └── Referencia completa da API → references/api-reference.md

Para iniciar um projeto do zero com boilerplate pronto:

python scripts/setup_project.py --language nodejs --path ./meu-bot-telegram

## Ou

python scripts/setup_project.py --language python --path ./meu-bot-telegram

Para testar se o token do bot funciona:

python scripts/test_bot.py --token "SEU_TOKEN"

Para enviar uma mensagem de teste:

python scripts/send_message.py --token "SEU_TOKEN" --chat-id "CHAT_ID" --text "Hello!"

Setup Com Botfather

1. Abra o Telegram e busque @BotFather
2. Envie /newbot
3. Escolha nome de exibicao (ex: "Meu Bot Incrivel")
4. Escolha username (deve terminar com "bot", ex: meu_incrivel_bot)
5. BotFather retorna o token - guarde com seguranca
6. Comandos uteis do BotFather:

- /setdescription - descricao do bot - /setabouttext - texto "sobre" do bot - /setuserpic - foto de perfil - /setcommands - lista de comandos - /mybots - gerenciar bots existentes - /setinline - habilitar inline mode - /setprivacy - modo privacidade em grupos

Variaveis De Ambiente

TELEGRAM_BOT_TOKEN=123456:ABC-DEF1234ghIkl-zyx57W2v1u123ew11

Node.Js/Typescript

// Instalar: npm install node-telegram-bot-api dotenv
// Para TypeScript: npm install -D @types/node-telegram-bot-api typescript
import TelegramBot from 'node-telegram-bot-api';
import dotenv from 'dotenv';
dotenv.config();

const bot = new TelegramBot(process.env.TELEGRAM_BOT_TOKEN!, { polling: true });

bot.onText(/\/start/, (msg) => {
  bot.sendMessage(msg.chat.id, 'Ola! Eu sou seu bot. Como posso ajudar?');
});

bot.on('message', (msg) => {
  if (msg.text && !msg.text.startsWith('/')) {
    bot.sendMessage(msg.chat.id, `Voce disse: ${msg.text}`);
  }
});

Python

## Instalar: Pip Install Python-Telegram-Bot Python-Dotenv

import os
from dotenv import load_dotenv
from telegram import Update
from telegram.ext import Application, CommandHandler, MessageHandler, filters, ContextTypes

load_dotenv()

async def start(update: Update, context: ContextTypes.DEFAULT_TYPE):
    await update.message.reply_text('Ola! Eu sou seu bot. Como posso ajudar?')

async def echo(update: Update, context: ContextTypes.DEFAULT_TYPE):
    await update.message.reply_text(f'Voce disse: {update.message.text}')

app = Application.builder().token(os.getenv('TELEGRAM_BOT_TOKEN')).build()
app.add_handler(CommandHandler('start', start))
app.add_handler(MessageHandler(filters.TEXT & ~filters.COMMAND, echo))
app.run_polling()

Sem Biblioteca (Http Puro)

import requests

TOKEN = "SEU_TOKEN"
BASE = f"https://api.telegram.org/bot{TOKEN}"

## Verificar Bot

r = requests.get(f"{BASE}/getMe")
print(r.json())

## Enviar Mensagem

r = requests.post(f"{BASE}/sendMessage", json={
    "chat_id": "CHAT_ID",
    "text": "Hello from pure HTTP!",
    "parse_mode": "HTML"
})
print(r.json())

Tipos De Mensagem

O Telegram suporta diversos tipos de conteudo. Todos os metodos aceitam chat_id, reply_parameters (para responder), reply_markup (para keyboards), disable_notification e protect_content.

Html (Recomendado)

await bot.send_message(chat_id=chat_id, text="Negrito, italico, codigo, link", parse_mode="HTML")

Markdownv2 (Escapar Caracteres Especiais: _ * [] () ~ ` > # + - = | {}.!)

await bot.send_message(chat_id=chat_id, text="*Negrito*, *italico*, codigo, link", parse_mode="MarkdownV2")

## Foto (Por Url, File_Id Ou Upload)

await bot.send_photo(chat_id, photo="https://example.com/img.jpg", caption="Legenda aqui")

## Documento

await bot.send_document(chat_id, document=open("relatorio.pdf", "rb"), caption="Relatorio mensal")

## Video

await bot.send_video(chat_id, video="https://example.com/video.mp4", caption="Assista!")

## Audio

await bot.send_audio(chat_id, audio=open("musica.mp3", "rb"), title="Minha Musica")

## Voz (Ogg Com Opus)

await bot.send_voice(chat_id, voice=open("audio.ogg", "rb"))

## Localizacao

await bot.send_location(chat_id, latitude=-23.5505, longitude=-46.6333)

## Contato

await bot.send_contact(chat_id, phone_number="+5511999999999", first_name="Joao")

## Enquete

await bot.send_poll(
    chat_id, question="Qual sua cor favorita?",
    options=["Azul", "Verde", "Vermelho"],
    is_anonymous=False
)

## Grupo De Midias

await bot.send_media_group(chat_id, media=[
    InputMediaPhoto("url1", caption="Foto 1"),
    InputMediaPhoto("url2"),
    InputMediaVideo("url3")
])

## Acao De Chat (Typing, Upload_Photo, Etc.)

await bot.send_chat_action(chat_id, action="typing")

Node.Js Equivalente

// Foto
bot.sendPhoto(chatId, 'https://example.com/img.jpg', { caption: 'Legenda' });

// Documento
bot.sendDocument(chatId, fs.createReadStream('relatorio.pdf'), { caption: 'Relatorio' });

// Localizacao
bot.sendLocation(chatId, -23.5505, -46.6333);

// Enquete
bot.sendPoll(chatId, 'Qual sua cor favorita?', ['Azul', 'Verde', 'Vermelho']);

Inline Keyboard (Botoes Dentro Da Mensagem)

from telegram import InlineKeyboardButton, InlineKeyboardMarkup

keyboard = InlineKeyboardMarkup([
    [InlineKeyboardButton("Opcao A", callback_data="opt_a"),
     InlineKeyboardButton("Opcao B", callback_data="opt_b")],
    [InlineKeyboardButton("Abrir Site", url="https://example.com")],
    [InlineKeyboardButton("Compartilhar", switch_inline_query="texto")]
])

await bot.send_message(chat_id, "Escolha uma opcao:", reply_markup=keyboard)

## Handler De Callback

async def button_callback(update: Update, context: ContextTypes.DEFAULT_TYPE):
    query = update.callback_query
    await query.answer()  # Importante: sempre responder o callback
    await query.edit_message_text(f"Voce escolheu: {query.data}")

app.add_handler(CallbackQueryHandler(button_callback))

Reply Keyboard (Teclado Customizado)

from telegram import ReplyKeyboardMarkup, KeyboardButton

keyboard = ReplyKeyboardMarkup(
    [[KeyboardButton("Enviar Localizacao", request_location=True)],
     [KeyboardButton("Enviar Contato", request_contact=True)],
     ["Opcao 1", "Opcao 2"]],
    resize_keyboard=True,
    one_time_keyboard=True
)

await bot.send_message(chat_id, "Escolha:", reply_markup=keyboard)

Remover Teclado

from telegram import ReplyKeyboardRemove
await bot.send_message(chat_id, "Teclado removido", reply_markup=ReplyKeyboardRemove())

Receber Updates

Existem duas formas de receber updates: Long Polling e Webhooks.

Long Polling (Desenvolvimento)

Mais simples, ideal para desenvolvimento. O bot faz requisicoes periodicas ao servidor do Telegram.

## Python-Telegram-Bot Ja Faz Isso Automaticamente

app.run_polling(allowed_updates=Update.ALL_TYPES)

// node-telegram-bot-api com polling
const bot = new TelegramBot(token, { polling: true });

Webhooks (Producao)

Para producao, webhooks sao mais eficientes. O Telegram envia updates via POST para sua URL HTTPS.

Leia references/webhook-setup.md para configuracao completa com Express, Flask, ngrok e deploy.

Setup rapido:

## Flask Webhook

from flask import Flask, request
import requests

app = Flask(__name__)
TOKEN = "SEU_TOKEN"
BASE = f"https://api.telegram.org/bot{TOKEN}"

@app.route(f"/webhook/{TOKEN}", methods=["POST"])
def webhook():
    update = request.get_json()
    if "message" in update and "text" in update["message"]:
        chat_id = update["message"]["chat"]["id"]
        text = update["message"]["text"]
        requests.post(f"{BASE}/sendMessage", json={
            "chat_id": chat_id,
            "text": f"Recebi: {text}"
        })
    return "OK", 200

## Registrar Webhook

requests.post(f"{BASE}/setWebhook", json={
    "url": "https://seu-dominio.com/webhook/" + TOKEN,
    "allowed_updates": ["message", "callback_query"],
    "secret_token": "seu_secret_seguro_aqui"
})

Comandos Do Bot

Registre comandos para aparecerem no menu do Telegram:

from telegram import BotCommand

await bot.set_my_commands([
    BotCommand("start", "Iniciar o bot"),
    BotCommand("help", "Ver comandos disponiveis"),
    BotCommand("settings", "Configuracoes"),
    BotCommand("status", "Ver status do servico"),
])

Via HTTP:

curl -X POST "https://api.telegram.org/bot$TOKEN/setMyCommands" \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -d '{"commands":[{"command":"start","description":"Iniciar o bot"},{"command":"help","description":"Ajuda"}]}'

Automacao Com Ia

Padrao para bot de atendimento com IA (Claude, GPT, etc.):

from telegram import Update
from telegram.ext import Application, MessageHandler, filters, ContextTypes
import anthropic  # ou openai

client = anthropic.Anthropic()
user_conversations = {}  # chat_id -> messages history

async def ai_response(update: Update, context: ContextTypes.DEFAULT_TYPE):
    chat_id = update.message.chat_id
    user_text = update.message.text

    # Indicar que esta digitando
    await context.bot.send_chat_action(chat_id, "typing")

    # Manter historico
    if chat_id not in user_conversations:
        user_conversations[chat_id] = []

    user_conversations[chat_id].append({"role": "user", "content": user_text})

    # Chamar IA
    response = client.messages.create(
        model="claude-sonnet-4-20250514",
        max_tokens=1024,
        system="Voce e um assistente prestativo. Responda em portugues.",
        messages=user_conversations[chat_id]
    )

    reply = response.content[0].text
    user_conversations[chat_id].append({"role": "assistant", "content": reply})

    # Limitar historico (ultimas 20 mensagens)
    if len(user_conversations[chat_id]) > 20:
        user_conversations[chat_id] = user_conversations[chat_id][-20:]

    await update.message.reply_text(reply)

app = Application.builder().token(TOKEN).build()
app.add_handler(MessageHandler(filters.TEXT & ~filters.COMMAND, ai_response))
app.run_polling()

Editar Texto

await bot.edit_message_text(chat_id=chat_id, message_id=msg.message_id, text="Texto atualizado!", parse_mode="HTML")

Editar Markup (Botoes)

await bot.edit_message_reply_markup(chat_id=chat_id, message_id=msg.message_id, reply_markup=new_keyboard)

Deletar Mensagem

await bot.delete_message(chat_id=chat_id, message_id=msg.message_id)

Encaminhar Mensagem

await bot.forward_message(chat_id=dest_chat_id, from_chat_id=source_chat_id, message_id=msg.message_id)

---

## Tratamento De Erros

from telegram.error import TelegramError, BadRequest, TimedOut, NetworkError

async def safe_send(bot, chat_id, text, kwargs): """Envio com retry e tratamento de erros.""" max_retries = 3 for attempt in range(max_retries): try: return await bot.send_message(chat_id, text, kwargs) except TimedOut: if attempt < max_retries - 1: await asyncio.sleep(2 attempt) continue raise except BadRequest as e: if "chat not found" in str(e).lower(): print(f"Chat {chat_id} nao encontrado") return None raise except NetworkError: if attempt < max_retries - 1: await asyncio.sleep(2 attempt) continue raise

---

## Rate Limits

- **Mensagens em chat privado:** ~30 msg/segundo
- **Mensagens em grupo:** ~20 msg/minuto por grupo
- **Broadcast geral:** ~30 msg/segundo no total
- **Bulk notifications:** use `asyncio.sleep(0.05)` entre envios para evitar flood

Se receber erro 429 (Too Many Requests), respeite o `retry_after` retornado.

---

## Referencia De Arquivos

| Topico | Arquivo |
| --- | --- |
| Setup de webhooks | `references/webhook-setup.md` |
| Gerenciamento de chats | `references/chat-management.md` |
| Recursos avancados | `references/advanced-features.md` |
| Referencia completa da API | `references/api-reference.md` |
| Boilerplate Node.js | `assets/boilerplate/nodejs/` |
| Boilerplate Python | `assets/boilerplate/python/` |
| Exemplos de payloads | `assets/examples/` |

## Best Practices

- Provide clear, specific context about your project and requirements
- Review all suggestions before applying them to production code
- Combine with other complementary skills for comprehensive analysis

## Common Pitfalls

- Using this skill for tasks outside its domain expertise
- Applying recommendations without understanding your specific context
- Not providing enough project context for accurate analysis

## Related Skills

- `instagram` - Complementary skill for enhanced analysis
- `social-orchestrator` - Complementary skill for enhanced analysis
- `whatsapp-cloud-api` - Complementary skill for enhanced analysis

## Limitations

- Use this skill only when the task clearly matches the scope described above.
- Do not treat the output as a substitute for environment-specific validation, testing, or expert review.
- Stop and ask for clarification if required inputs, permissions, safety boundaries, or success criteria are missing.