remote-troubleshoot（远程故障排除）

Remote Server Troubleshooting

Overview

Provides a structured workflow for troubleshooting issues on remote servers with emphasis on:

• Investigation-only approach until user approval
• Creating reusable helper scripts on remote server
• Script-based fixes for reproducibility
• Comprehensive analysis and resolution reports

Investigation Workflow

Phase 0: Information Gathering

Before starting any investigation, gather:

1. Remote Server Access

- Server address/IP - SSH method (sshpass, keys, etc.) and credentials - Remote user

1. Problem Description

- What is the exact issue? - When did it start? - What service/component is affected?

1. Context

- Environment (k8s, bare metal, containerized) - Relevant config file locations - Recent changes

Phase 1: Initial Verification (Read-Only)

CRITICAL: Do NOT make any changes without user approval

Validate the reported issue actually exists:

sshpass -p<password> ssh -o StrictHostKeyChecking=no user@host "echo 'OK'"
ssh user@host "ss -tlnp | grep :<port>"
ssh user@host "systemctl status <service>"
ssh user@host "kubectl get pods -n <namespace>"

If issue cannot be reproduced, inform user and ask clarification.

Phase 2: Create Investigation Environment

ssh user@host "mkdir -p ~/troubleshoot-$(date +%Y%m%d)"

Phase 3: Deploy Helper Scripts

Generate and upload investigation scripts. Use scripts/generate_helper.sh.

Common scenarios: service status, ports, config inspection, logs.

Always execute investigation scripts, never modify actions.

Phase 4: Execute Investigation

Run helper scripts. Document:

• Current state (what IS happening)
• Expected state (what SHOULD happen)
• Differences (the gap)

Phase 5: Analysis and Root Cause

Synthesize findings to identify root cause. Consider multiple hypotheses if unclear.

Phase 6: Propose Solution

Present to user:

1. Root Cause Summary
2. Proposed Fix (step-by-step)
3. Risk Assessment
4. Rollback Plan

WAIT for user approval before proceeding to repair.

Repair Workflow

Phase 7: Create Fix Script

Script the fix procedure. Fix script MUST:

1. Create backups before modifying
2. Apply changes in safe steps
3. Verify after each step
4. Report results clearly

Phase 8: Apply Fix

cat fix-script.sh | ssh user@host "bash -s"

Phase 9: Verification

Confirm fix resolved the issue:

• Re-run initial validation
• Check service/operation
• Monitor logs

Phase 10: Generate Report

Use assets/report-template.md to create analysis report.

Scenarios and Patterns

See references/patterns.md for:

• K8s troubleshooting patterns
• Network/port issues
• Service failures
• Configuration mismatches

Quick Reference

# Service
systemctl status <service>
systemctl is-active <service>

# Port
ss -tlnp | grep :<port>

# Process
ps aux | grep <name>

# Logs
journalctl -u <service> -n 50 --no-pager
tail -f /var/log/<service>.log

# K8s
kubectl get pods -n <namespace>
kubectl describe pod <name> -n <namespace>
kubectl logs <pod> -n <namespace>

Resources

scripts/

• generate_helper.sh - Generate investigation helper scripts
• generate_fix.sh - Generate fix script templates

references/

• patterns.md - Common investigation patterns
• report_guide.md - Report structure guide

assets/

• report-template.md - Markdown report template