mapbox-android-patterns（Mapbox Android 模式）

Mapbox Android Integration Patterns

Official patterns for integrating Mapbox Maps SDK v11 on Android with Kotlin, Jetpack Compose, and View system.

Use this skill when:

• Installing and configuring Mapbox Maps SDK for Android
• Adding markers and annotations to maps
• Showing user location and tracking with camera
• Adding custom data (GeoJSON) to maps
• Working with map styles, camera, or user interaction
• Handling feature interactions and taps

Official Resources:

• Android Maps Guides
• API Reference
• Example Apps

Installation & Setup

Requirements

• Android SDK 21+
• Kotlin or Java
• Android Studio
• Free Mapbox account

Step 1: Configure Access Token

Create app/res/values/mapbox_access_token.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<resources xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools">
    <string name="mapbox_access_token" translatable="false"
        tools:ignore="UnusedResources">YOUR_MAPBOX_ACCESS_TOKEN</string>
</resources>

Get your token: Sign in at mapbox.com

Step 2: Add Maven Repository

In settings.gradle.kts:

dependencyResolutionManagement {
    repositories {
        google()
        mavenCentral()
        maven {
            url = uri("https://api.mapbox.com/downloads/v2/releases/maven")
        }
    }
}

Step 3: Add Dependency

In module build.gradle.kts:

android {
    defaultConfig {
        minSdk = 21
    }
}

dependencies {
    implementation("com.mapbox.maps:android:11.18.1")
}

For Jetpack Compose:

dependencies {
    implementation("com.mapbox.maps:android:11.18.1")
    implementation("com.mapbox.extension:maps-compose:11.18.1")
}

Map Initialization

Jetpack Compose Pattern

Basic map:

import androidx.compose.runtime.*
import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.fillMaxSize
import androidx.compose.ui.Modifier
import com.mapbox.maps.extension.compose.*
import com.mapbox.maps.Style
import com.mapbox.geojson.Point

@Composable
fun MapScreen() {
    MapboxMap(
        modifier = Modifier.fillMaxSize()
    ) {
        // Initialize camera via MapEffect (Style.STANDARD loads by default)
        MapEffect(Unit) { mapView ->
            // Set initial camera position
            mapView.mapboxMap.setCamera(
                CameraOptions.Builder()
                    .center(Point.fromLngLat(-122.4194, 37.7749))
                    .zoom(12.0)
                    .build()
            )
        }
    }
}

With ornaments:

MapboxMap(
    modifier = Modifier.fillMaxSize(),
    scaleBar = {
        ScaleBar(
            enabled = true,
            position = Alignment.BottomStart
        )
    },
    compass = {
        Compass(enabled = true)
    }
) {
    // Style.STANDARD loads by default
}

View System Pattern

Layout XML (activity_map.xml):

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout
    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent">

    <com.mapbox.maps.MapView
        android:id="@+id/mapView"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent" />

</androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout>

Activity:

import android.os.Bundle
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity
import com.mapbox.maps.MapView
import com.mapbox.maps.Style
import com.mapbox.geojson.Point

class MapActivity : AppCompatActivity() {
    private lateinit var mapView: MapView

    override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_map)

        mapView = findViewById(R.id.mapView)

        mapView.mapboxMap.setCamera(
            CameraOptions.Builder()
                .center(Point.fromLngLat(-122.4194, 37.7749))
                .zoom(12.0)
                .build()
        )

        mapView.mapboxMap.loadStyle(Style.STANDARD)
    }

    override fun onStart() {
        super.onStart()
        mapView.onStart()
    }

    override fun onStop() {
        super.onStop()
        mapView.onStop()
    }

    override fun onDestroy() {
        super.onDestroy()
        mapView.onDestroy()
    }
}

Add Markers (Point Annotations)

Point annotations are the most common way to mark locations on the map.

Jetpack Compose:

MapboxMap(modifier = Modifier.fillMaxSize()) {
    MapEffect(Unit) { mapView ->
        // Load style first
        mapView.mapboxMap.loadStyle(Style.STANDARD)

        // Create annotation manager and add markers
        val annotationManager = mapView.annotations.createPointAnnotationManager()
        val pointAnnotation = PointAnnotationOptions()
            .withPoint(Point.fromLngLat(-122.4194, 37.7749))
            .withIconImage("custom-marker")
        annotationManager.create(pointAnnotation)
    }
}

// Note: Compose doesn't have declarative PointAnnotation component
// Markers must be added imperatively via MapEffect

View System:

// Create annotation manager (once, reuse for updates)
val pointAnnotationManager = mapView.annotations.createPointAnnotationManager()

// Create marker
val pointAnnotation = PointAnnotationOptions()
    .withPoint(Point.fromLngLat(-122.4194, 37.7749))
    .withIconImage("custom-marker")

pointAnnotationManager.create(pointAnnotation)

Multiple markers:

val locations = listOf(
    Point.fromLngLat(-122.4194, 37.7749),
    Point.fromLngLat(-122.4094, 37.7849),
    Point.fromLngLat(-122.4294, 37.7649)
)

val annotations = locations.map { point ->
    PointAnnotationOptions()
        .withPoint(point)
        .withIconImage("marker")
}

pointAnnotationManager.create(annotations)

Show User Location (Display)

Step 1: Add permissions to AndroidManifest.xml:

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION" />

Step 2: Request permissions and show location:

// Request permissions first (use ActivityResultContracts)

// Show location puck
mapView.location.updateSettings {
    enabled = true
    puckBearingEnabled = true
}

Performance Best Practices

Reuse Annotation Managers

// Don't create new managers repeatedly
// val manager = mapView.annotations.createPointAnnotationManager() // each call

// Create once, reuse
val pointAnnotationManager = mapView.annotations.createPointAnnotationManager()

fun updateMarkers() {
    pointAnnotationManager.deleteAll()
    pointAnnotationManager.create(markers)
}

Batch Annotation Updates

// Create all at once
pointAnnotationManager.create(allAnnotations)

// Don't create one by one in a loop

Lifecycle Management

// Always call lifecycle methods
override fun onStart() {
    super.onStart()
    mapView.onStart()
}

override fun onStop() {
    super.onStop()
    mapView.onStop()
}

override fun onDestroy() {
    super.onDestroy()
    mapView.onDestroy()
}

Use Standard Style

// Standard style is optimized and recommended
Style.STANDARD

// Use other styles only when needed for specific use cases
Style.STANDARD_SATELLITE // Satellite imagery

Troubleshooting

Map Not Displaying

Check:

1. Token in mapbox_access_token.xml
2. Token is valid (test at mapbox.com)
3. Maven repository configured
4. Dependency added correctly
5. Internet permission in manifest

Style Not Loading

mapView.mapboxMap.subscribeStyleLoaded { _ ->
    Log.d("Map", "Style loaded successfully")
    // Add layers and sources here
}

Performance Issues

• Use Style.STANDARD (recommended and optimized)
• Limit visible annotations to viewport
• Reuse annotation managers
• Avoid frequent style reloads
• Call lifecycle methods (onStart, onStop, onDestroy)
• Batch annotation updates

Reference Files

Load these references when you need detailed patterns for specific topics:

• references/compose.md -- Jetpack Compose: dependencies, token setup, MapboxMap, annotations with click, GeoJSON, MapEffect
• references/annotations.md -- Circle, Polyline, and Polygon annotation patterns
• references/location-tracking.md -- Camera follow user location + get current location once
• references/custom-data.md -- GeoJSON sources and layers: lines, polygons, points, update/remove
• references/camera-styles.md -- Camera control (set, animate, fit) + map styles (built-in and custom)
• references/interactions.md -- Featureset interactions, custom layer taps, long press, gestures

Additional Resources

• Android Maps Guides
• API Reference
• Interactions Guide
• Jetpack Compose Guide
• Example Apps
• Migration Guide (v10 -> v11)