magento-multi-store（magento 多商店）

Magento Multi-Store Setup

Overview

Magento's multi-store architecture has three levels: Website → Store → Store View. A Website groups stores with a shared customer base and order flow. A Store (under a Website) has its own root category and URL structure. Store Views (under a Store) typically represent languages or locales. Configuration values can be set at Global, Website, or Store View scope — lower scopes override higher ones. Adobe Commerce (B2B) adds Shared Catalogs for per-company product/price visibility control.

When to Use This Skill

• When running multiple brands or country-specific storefronts from a single Magento installation
• When setting different base currencies, tax configurations, or payment methods per website
• When creating a B2B portal alongside a B2C store with different product visibility
• When implementing localized store views for multiple languages under the same product catalog
• When configuring separate checkout flows, shipping methods, or payment gateways per website
• When managing shared product catalog with website-specific pricing and visibility overrides

Core Instructions

1. Create the Website → Store → Store View hierarchy Note: Core Magento does not ship bin/magento store:website:create, store:group:create, or store:store:create CLI commands. Create websites, stores, and store views either through Admin → Stores → All Stores or programmatically in PHP (shown below). Some third-party modules add CLI equivalents, but they are not part of the core. Via PHP programmatically (primary method): <?php // Create website via DataObject use Magento\Store\Model\Website; use Magento\Store\Model\Group; use Magento\Store\Model\Store; $website = $objectManager->create(Website::class); $website->setCode('uk_site') ->setName('UK Website') ->setDefaultGroupId(0) // Set after creating group ->save(); $storeGroup = $objectManager->create(Group::class); $storeGroup->setWebsiteId($website->getId()) ->setName('UK Store') ->setRootCategoryId(3) // Your UK root category ID ->save(); $storeView = $objectManager->create(Store::class); $storeView->setWebsiteId($website->getId()) ->setGroupId($storeGroup->getId()) ->setCode('uk_en') ->setName('UK English') ->setIsActive(1) ->save();
2. Configure nginx for multi-website routing # /etc/nginx/sites-available/magento-multi-store.conf # Map host to Magento store code (MAGE_RUN_CODE + MAGE_RUN_TYPE) map $http_host $MAGE_RUN_CODE {hostnames; default ""; www.mystore.com ""; # Default (global config) uk.mystore.com uk_en; # UK store view de.mystore.com de_de; # German store view b2b.mystore.com b2b_en; # B2B website} map $http_host $MAGE_RUN_TYPE {hostnames; default ""; www.mystore.com ""; uk.mystore.com "store"; # Route to store view de.mystore.com "store"; b2b.mystore.com "website"; # Route to website (different customer base)} server {listen 443 ssl http2; server_name ~^(.+\.)?mystore\.com$; root /var/www/magento/pub; index index.php; location ~ \.php$ {fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php/php8.2-fpm.sock; fastcgi_param MAGE_RUN_CODE $MAGE_RUN_CODE; fastcgi_param MAGE_RUN_TYPE $MAGE_RUN_TYPE; include fastcgi_params;}}
3. Set scoped configuration values Configuration can be set at global, website, or store view scope: # Set base URL per website bin/magento config:set --scope=websites --scope-code=uk_site web/secure/base_url "https://uk.mystore.com/" bin/magento config:set --scope=websites --scope-code=uk_site web/unsecure/base_url "https://uk.mystore.com/" # Set currency per website bin/magento config:set --scope=websites --scope-code=uk_site currency/options/base GBP bin/magento config:set --scope=websites --scope-code=uk_site currency/options/default GBP bin/magento config:set --scope=websites --scope-code=uk_site currency/options/allow "GBP,EUR" # Set locale per store view bin/magento config:set --scope=stores --scope-code=de_de general/locale/code de_DE bin/magento config:set --scope=stores --scope-code=de_de general/locale/timezone "Europe/Berlin" # Disable a payment method for specific website bin/magento config:set --scope=websites --scope-code=uk_site payment/checkmo/active 0 Programmatically in PHP: <?php use Magento\Framework\App\Config\Storage\WriterInterface; use Magento\Store\Model\ScopeInterface; class ScopeConfigManager {public function __construct(private readonly WriterInterface $configWriter, private readonly \Magento\Framework\App\Cache\TypeListInterface $cacheTypeList) {} public function setScopedValue(string $path, mixed $value, string $scope, int $scopeId): void {$this->configWriter->save($path, $value, $scope, $scopeId); // Flush config cache after write $this->cacheTypeList->cleanType('config');} public function setWebsiteShippingOrigin(string $websiteCode, array $originData): void {$website = \Magento\Framework\App\ObjectManager::getInstance() ->create(\Magento\Store\Model\Website::class) ->load($websiteCode, 'code'); $this->setScopedValue('shipping/origin/country_id', $originData['country'], ScopeInterface::SCOPE_WEBSITES, (int)$website->getId());}}
4. Manage website-specific product assignment and pricing Products can be assigned to specific websites while sharing the global catalog: <?php // Assign a product to specific websites use Magento\Catalog\Model\ResourceModel\Product as ProductResource; class ProductWebsiteAssignment {public function __construct(private readonly ProductResource $productResource, private readonly \Magento\Store\Model\StoreManagerInterface $storeManager) {} public function assignProductToWebsite(int $productId, string $websiteCode): void {$website = $this->storeManager->getWebsite($websiteCode); $this->productResource->websiteToProducts([['product_id' => $productId, 'website_id' => $website->getId()],]);} public function setWebsitePrice(int $productId, string $websiteCode, float $price): void {// Use tier prices with website scope for website-specific pricing $tierPriceResource = \Magento\Framework\App\ObjectManager::getInstance() ->create(\Magento\Catalog\Model\ResourceModel\Product\Attribute\Backend\Tierprice::class); // Or use price scope: Admin → Config → Catalog → Price → Catalog Price Scope = Website}} Enable website-scoped pricing: bin/magento config:set catalog/price/scope 1 # 0 = Global, 1 = Website bin/magento indexer:reindex catalog_product_price
5. Configure Adobe Commerce B2B Shared Catalogs Shared Catalogs (B2B feature) allow per-company product and pricing visibility: <?php // Assign a company to a custom shared catalog use Magento\SharedCatalog\Api\SharedCatalogManagementInterface; use Magento\SharedCatalog\Api\Data\SharedCatalogInterface; class SharedCatalogManager {public function __construct(private readonly SharedCatalogManagementInterface $sharedCatalogManagement, private readonly \Magento\SharedCatalog\Api\SharedCatalogRepositoryInterface $catalogRepository, private readonly \Magento\Company\Api\CompanyRepositoryInterface $companyRepository) {} public function assignCompanyToCatalog(int $companyId, int $sharedCatalogId): void {$sharedCatalog = $this->catalogRepository->get($sharedCatalogId); $company = $this->companyRepository->get($companyId); $company->getExtensionAttributes()->getQuoteConfig()?->setCustomerGroupId($sharedCatalog->getCustomerGroupId()); $this->companyRepository->save($company);}} # CLI: Assign products to a shared catalog (by SKU list from CSV) bin/magento company:catalog:assign --catalog-id=2 --products-file=products.csv # Set catalog-specific pricing via import bin/magento import:start --entity=shared_catalog_product_price --behavior=add_update --import-file=prices.csv

Examples

Automated multi-website deployment configuration

<?php
// Console command to provision a new website from config array
namespace MyVendor\MultiStore\Console\Command;

use Symfony\Component\Console\Command\Command;
use Symfony\Component\Console\Input\InputInterface;
use Symfony\Component\Console\Output\OutputInterface;

class ProvisionWebsiteCommand extends Command
{
    protected function configure(): void
    {
        $this->setName('mystore:website:provision')
             ->setDescription('Provision a new website from config');
    }

    protected function execute(InputInterface $input, OutputInterface $output): int
    {
        $websites = [
            [
                'code' => 'au_site',
                'name' => 'Australia',
                'domain' => 'au.mystore.com',
                'currency' => 'AUD',
                'locale' => 'en_AU',
                'timezone' => 'Australia/Sydney',
                'root_category_id' => 5,
            ],
        ];

        foreach ($websites as $config) {
            $output->writeln("Creating website: {$config['code']}");
            // Execute creation commands...
            $this->createWebsite($config, $output);
        }

        return Command::SUCCESS;
    }

    private function createWebsite(array $config, OutputInterface $output): void
    {
        // Implementation: create Website → Group → StoreView → set config
    }
}

Read scoped configuration in a custom module

<?php
use Magento\Framework\App\Config\ScopeConfigInterface;
use Magento\Store\Model\ScopeInterface;

class StoreAwareConfig
{
    public function __construct(
        private readonly ScopeConfigInterface $scopeConfig
    ) {}

    public function getWebsiteConfig(string $path, ?string $websiteCode = null): mixed
    {
        return $this->scopeConfig->getValue(
            $path,
            ScopeInterface::SCOPE_WEBSITE,
            $websiteCode // null = current website
        );
    }

    public function getStoreConfig(string $path, ?string $storeCode = null): mixed
    {
        return $this->scopeConfig->getValue(
            $path,
            ScopeInterface::SCOPE_STORE,
            $storeCode // null = current store view
        );
    }

    // Usage
    public function getShippingOriginCountry(): string
    {
        return (string)$this->getStoreConfig('shipping/origin/country_id');
    }
}

Best Practices

• Use store code routing (MAGE_RUN_TYPE=store) for language variants and website routing (MAGE_RUN_TYPE=website) only when you need separate customer bases, orders, and payment methods
• Enable website-scoped pricing before going live — switching from global to website scope later requires a full price index rebuild and may break existing catalog rules
• Set MAGE_RUN_CODE and MAGE_RUN_TYPE at the nginx/Apache level, not in index.php — this keeps routing config in the infrastructure layer and enables easier replication
• Test each website's checkout independently — payment gateways, tax classes, and shipping methods are all configurable per website; a working checkout on one website does not guarantee others work
• Flush configuration cache after every config:set — scoped config changes are cached; run bin/magento cache:clean config after automated provisioning scripts
• Use separate Redis databases per website in high-traffic setups — a slow reindex on one website can saturate shared cache storage and affect all websites
• Document the website/store/store-view ID mapping — IDs change between environments; use codes (uk_en) not numeric IDs in all configuration scripts

Common Pitfalls

Related Skills

• @magento-module-development
• @magento-graphql
• @magento-indexing-caching
• @international-ecommerce
• @b2b-commerce