godot-genre-fighting（戈多类型格斗）

Genre: Fighting Game

Expert blueprint for 2D/3D fighters emphasizing frame-perfect combat and competitive balance.

NEVER Do (Expert Anti-Patterns)

Frame-Data & Logic

• NEVER use variable framerates; strictly lock logic to a Deterministic Fixed Loop (using _physics_process with a frame-counter) and call reset_physics_interpolation() on teleport.
• NEVER use standard Physics for hit detection; strictly use PhysicsDirectSpaceState.intersect_shape() to query hitboxes instantly without Area2D signal lag.
• NEVER skip Damage Scaling; strictly apply 10% reduction per hit in a combo to prevent infinite matches.
• NEVER make all moves safe on block; strictly ensure high-reward moves have Recovery Windows where the attacker is punishable.
• NEVER rely on Area2D.get_overlapping_areas(); strictly use intersect_shape() for immediate, frame-perfect resolution.
• NEVER forget Hitbox Proximity (Proximity Guard); strictly trigger guard states when a hitbox enters a nearby zone, even if it hasn't landed.

Character & Animation

• NEVER use simple parenting (scale.x = -1) for character flip; strictly adjust the dedicated Visuals node while managing hitbox offsets programmatically.
• NEVER use string-based animation triggers; strictly use AnimationMixer with ADVANCE_MANUAL for frame-synced playback.
• NEVER use yield or await for frame-critical logic; strictly use Integer Frame Counting within state machines to manage recovery/startup windows perfectly.
• NEVER store frame data in raw scripts; strictly use Resource files (.tres) with delegated logic for damage scaling, cancels, and combo-state tracking.
• NEVER use deep node hierarchies for character parts; strictly keep skeletons shallow to reduce transformation overhead.

Input & Networking

• NEVER skip Input Buffering; strictly implement a 5-10 frame buffer to ensure lenient, responsive execution for the player.
• NEVER leave Input.use_accumulated_input enabled; strictly disable it to preserve sub-frame timing for precise combo links.
• NEVER use client-side hit detection for netplay; strictly use rollback netcode or server validation to prevent desyncs.
• NEVER use standard TCP for multiplayer; strictly use UDP/ENet to avoid head-of-line blocking during latency spikes.
• NEVER rely on the SceneTree for fighter transforms in netplay; strictly manage positions in a serializable data buffer.

🛠 Expert Components (scripts/)

Original Expert Patterns

• fighting_input_buffer.gd - Frame-locked input engine (60fps) with motion command fuzzy matching (QCF/DP).
• hitbox_component.gd - Professional hitbox/hurtbox utility with layered collision zones (High/Low/Throw).

Modular Components

• deterministic_physics_loop.gd - Custom loop pattern for frame-perfect game state progression.
• direct_hitbox_query.gd - PhysicsServer shape-casting for immediate collision resolution.
• hit_stop_controller.gd - Dynamic time-scale manipulation for "impact" feel.
• manual_animation_advancer.gd - Frame-synced animation control via manual delta processing.
• rollback_state_serializer.gd - Serialization logic for managing discrete game state snapshots.
• bitwise_state_flags.gd - High-performance bitwise flags for fighter state tracking.
• input_accumulation_control.gd - Toggle for disabling Godot's input accumulation for sub-frame timing.
• raw_byte_network_sync.gd - UDP-based state synchronization for netplay efficiency.
• string_name_optimization.gd - Pattern for using pointer-level StringName comparisons in AI states.
• round_timer_logic.gd - Logic for frame-synced match timers and timeout triggers.

Core Loop

Neutral Game → Confirm Hit → Execute Combo → Advantage State → Repeat

Skill Chain

godot-project-foundations, godot-characterbody-2d, godot-input-handling, animation, godot-combat-system, godot-state-machine-advanced, multiplayer-lobby

Frame-Based Combat System

Fighting games operate on frame data - discrete time units (typically 60fps).

Frame Data Fundamentals

class_name Attack
extends Resource

@export var name: String
@export var startup_frames: int  # Frames before hitbox becomes active
@export var active_frames: int   # Frames hitbox is active
@export var recovery_frames: int # Frames after hitbox deactivates
@export var on_hit_advantage: int # Frame advantage when attack hits
@export var on_block_advantage: int # Frame advantage when blocked
@export var damage: int
@export var hitstun: int  # Frames opponent is stunned
@export var blockstun: int # Frames opponent is in blockstun

func get_total_frames() -> int:
    return startup_frames + active_frames + recovery_frames

func is_safe_on_block() -> bool:
    return on_block_advantage >= 0

Frame-Accurate Processing

extends Node

var frame_count: int = 0
const FRAME_DURATION := 1.0 / 60.0
var accumulator: float = 0.0

func _process(delta: float) -> void:
    accumulator += delta
    while accumulator >= FRAME_DURATION:
        process_game_frame()
        frame_count += 1
        accumulator -= FRAME_DURATION

func process_game_frame() -> void:
    # All game logic runs here at fixed 60fps
    for fighter in fighters:
        fighter.process_frame()

Input System

Input Buffering

Store inputs and execute when valid:

class_name InputBuffer
extends Node

const BUFFER_FRAMES := 8  # Industry standard: 5-10 frames
var buffer: Array[InputEvent] = []

func add_input(input: InputEvent) -> void:
    buffer.append(input)
    if buffer.size() > BUFFER_FRAMES:
        buffer.pop_front()

func consume_input(action: StringName) -> bool:
    for i in range(buffer.size() - 1, -1, -1):
        if buffer[i].is_action(action):
            buffer.remove_at(i)
            return true
    return false

Motion Input Detection (Quarter Circle, DP, etc.)

class_name MotionDetector
extends Node

const QCF := ["down", "down_forward", "forward"]  # Quarter Circle Forward
const DP := ["forward", "down", "down_forward"]   # Dragon Punch
const MOTION_WINDOW := 15  # Frames to complete motion

var direction_history: Array[String] = []

func add_direction(dir: String) -> void:
    if direction_history.is_empty() or direction_history[-1] != dir:
        direction_history.append(dir)
    # Keep last N directions
    if direction_history.size() > 20:
        direction_history.pop_front()

func check_motion(motion: Array[String]) -> bool:
    if direction_history.size() < motion.size():
        return false
    # Check if motion appears in recent history
    var recent := direction_history.slice(-MOTION_WINDOW)
    return _contains_sequence(recent, motion)

func _contains_sequence(haystack: Array, needle: Array) -> bool:
    var idx := 0
    for dir in haystack:
        if dir == needle[idx]:
            idx += 1
            if idx >= needle.size():
                return true
    return false

Hitbox/Hurtbox System

class_name HitboxComponent
extends Area2D

enum BoxType { HITBOX, HURTBOX, THROW, PROJECTILE }

@export var box_type: BoxType
@export var attack_data: Attack
@export var owner_fighter: Fighter

signal hit_confirmed(target: Fighter, attack: Attack)

func _ready() -> void:
    monitoring = (box_type == BoxType.HITBOX or box_type == BoxType.THROW)
    monitorable = (box_type == BoxType.HURTBOX)
    connect("area_entered", _on_area_entered)

func _on_area_entered(area: Area2D) -> void:
    if area is HitboxComponent:
        var other := area as HitboxComponent
        if other.box_type == BoxType.HURTBOX and other.owner_fighter != owner_fighter:
            hit_confirmed.emit(other.owner_fighter, attack_data)

Combo System

Hit Confirmation and Combo Counter

class_name ComboTracker
extends Node

var combo_count: int = 0
var combo_damage: int = 0
var in_combo: bool = false
var damage_scaling: float = 1.0

const SCALING_PER_HIT := 0.9  # 10% reduction per hit

func start_combo() -> void:
    in_combo = true
    combo_count = 0
    combo_damage = 0
    damage_scaling = 1.0

func add_hit(base_damage: int) -> int:
    combo_count += 1
    var scaled_damage := int(base_damage * damage_scaling)
    combo_damage += scaled_damage
    damage_scaling *= SCALING_PER_HIT
    return scaled_damage

func drop_combo() -> void:
    in_combo = false
    combo_count = 0
    damage_scaling = 1.0

Cancel System

enum CancelType { NONE, NORMAL, SPECIAL, SUPER }

func can_cancel_into(from_attack: Attack, to_attack: Attack) -> bool:
    # Normal → Special → Super hierarchy
    match to_attack.cancel_type:
        CancelType.NORMAL:
            return from_attack.cancel_type == CancelType.NONE
        CancelType.SPECIAL:
            return from_attack.cancel_type in [CancelType.NONE, CancelType.NORMAL]
        CancelType.SUPER:
            return true  # Supers can cancel anything
    return false

Character States

enum FighterState {
    IDLE, WALKING, CROUCHING, JUMPING,
    ATTACKING, BLOCKING, HITSTUN, BLOCKSTUN,
    KNOCKDOWN, WAKEUP, THROW, THROWN
}

class_name FighterStateMachine
extends Node

var current_state: FighterState = FighterState.IDLE
var state_frame: int = 0

func transition_to(new_state: FighterState) -> void:
    exit_state(current_state)
    current_state = new_state
    state_frame = 0
    enter_state(new_state)

func is_actionable() -> bool:
    return current_state in [
        FighterState.IDLE,
        FighterState.WALKING,
        FighterState.CROUCHING
    ]

Netcode Considerations

Rollback Essentials

class_name GameState
extends Resource

# Serialize complete game state for rollback
func save_state() -> Dictionary:
    return {
        "frame": frame_count,
        "fighters": fighters.map(func(f): return f.serialize()),
        "projectiles": projectiles.map(func(p): return p.serialize())
    }

func load_state(state: Dictionary) -> void:
    frame_count = state["frame"]
    for i in fighters.size():
        fighters[i].deserialize(state["fighters"][i])
    # Reconstruct projectiles...

Balance Guidelines

Common Pitfalls

Godot-Specific Tips

1. Use _physics_process sparingly - implement your own frame-based loop
2. AnimationPlayer: Tie hitbox activation to animation frames
3. Custom collision: May need custom hitbox system rather than physics engine
4. Save/Load for rollback: Keep state serializable

Reference

• Master Skill: godot-master