firecrawl-scraper（Firecrawl scraper 搜索）

Firecrawl Web Scraper Skill

Status: Production Ready ✅ Last Updated: 2025-10-24 Official Docs: https://docs.firecrawl.dev API Version: v2

What is Firecrawl?

Firecrawl is a Web Data API for AI that turns entire websites into LLM-ready markdown or structured data. It handles:

• JavaScript rendering - Executes client-side JavaScript to capture dynamic content
• Anti-bot bypass - Gets past CAPTCHA and bot detection systems
• Format conversion - Outputs as markdown, JSON, or structured data
• Screenshot capture - Saves visual representations of pages
• Browser automation - Full headless browser capabilities

API Endpoints

1. /v2/scrape - Single Page Scraping

Scrapes a single webpage and returns clean, structured content.

Use Cases:

• Extract article content
• Get product details
• Scrape specific pages
• Convert HTML to markdown

Key Options:

• formats: ["markdown", "html", "screenshot"]
• onlyMainContent: true/false (removes nav, footer, ads)
• waitFor: milliseconds to wait before scraping
• actions: browser automation actions (click, scroll, etc.)

2. /v2/crawl - Full Site Crawling

Crawls all accessible pages from a starting URL.

Use Cases:

• Index entire documentation sites
• Archive website content
• Build knowledge bases
• Scrape multi-page content

Key Options:

• limit: max pages to crawl
• maxDepth: how many links deep to follow
• allowedDomains: restrict to specific domains
• excludePaths: skip certain URL patterns

3. /v2/map - URL Discovery

Maps all URLs on a website without scraping content.

Use Cases:

• Find sitemap
• Discover all pages
• Plan crawling strategy
• Audit website structure

4. /v2/extract - Structured Data Extraction

Uses AI to extract specific data fields from pages.

Use Cases:

• Extract product prices and names
• Parse contact information
• Build structured datasets
• Custom data schemas

Key Options:

• schema: Zod or JSON schema defining desired structure
• systemPrompt: guide AI extraction behavior

Authentication

Firecrawl requires an API key for all requests.

Get API Key

1. Sign up at https://www.firecrawl.dev
2. Go to dashboard → API Keys
3. Copy your API key (starts with fc-)

Store Securely

NEVER hardcode API keys in code!

# .env file
FIRECRAWL_API_KEY=fc-your-api-key-here

# .env.local (for local development)
FIRECRAWL_API_KEY=fc-your-api-key-here

Python SDK Usage

Installation

pip install firecrawl-py

Latest Version: firecrawl-py v4.5.0+

Basic Scrape

import os
from firecrawl import FirecrawlApp

# Initialize client
app = FirecrawlApp(api_key=os.environ.get("FIRECRAWL_API_KEY"))

# Scrape a single page
result = app.scrape_url(
    url="https://example.com/article",
    params={
        "formats": ["markdown", "html"],
        "onlyMainContent": True
    }
)

# Access markdown content
markdown = result.get("markdown")
print(markdown)

Crawl Multiple Pages

import os
from firecrawl import FirecrawlApp

app = FirecrawlApp(api_key=os.environ.get("FIRECRAWL_API_KEY"))

# Start crawl
crawl_result = app.crawl_url(
    url="https://docs.example.com",
    params={
        "limit": 100,
        "scrapeOptions": {
            "formats": ["markdown"]
        }
    },
    poll_interval=5  # Check status every 5 seconds
)

# Process results
for page in crawl_result.get("data", []):
    url = page.get("url")
    markdown = page.get("markdown")
    print(f"Scraped: {url}")

Extract Structured Data

import os
from firecrawl import FirecrawlApp

app = FirecrawlApp(api_key=os.environ.get("FIRECRAWL_API_KEY"))

# Define schema
schema = {
    "type": "object",
    "properties": {
        "company_name": {"type": "string"},
        "product_price": {"type": "number"},
        "availability": {"type": "string"}
    },
    "required": ["company_name", "product_price"]
}

# Extract data
result = app.extract(
    urls=["https://example.com/product"],
    params={
        "schema": schema,
        "systemPrompt": "Extract product information from the page"
    }
)

print(result)

TypeScript/Node.js SDK Usage

Installation

npm install @mendable/firecrawl-js
# or
pnpm add @mendable/firecrawl-js
# or use the unscoped package:
npm install firecrawl

Latest Version: @mendable/firecrawl-js v4.4.1+ (or firecrawl v4.4.1+)

Basic Scrape

import FirecrawlApp from '@mendable/firecrawl-js';

// Initialize client
const app = new FirecrawlApp({
  apiKey: process.env.FIRECRAWL_API_KEY
});

// Scrape a single page
const result = await app.scrapeUrl('https://example.com/article', {
  formats: ['markdown', 'html'],
  onlyMainContent: true
});

// Access markdown content
const markdown = result.markdown;
console.log(markdown);

Crawl Multiple Pages

import FirecrawlApp from '@mendable/firecrawl-js';

const app = new FirecrawlApp({
  apiKey: process.env.FIRECRAWL_API_KEY
});

// Start crawl
const crawlResult = await app.crawlUrl('https://docs.example.com', {
  limit: 100,
  scrapeOptions: {
    formats: ['markdown']
  }
});

// Process results
for (const page of crawlResult.data) {
  console.log(`Scraped: ${page.url}`);
  console.log(page.markdown);
}

Extract Structured Data with Zod

import FirecrawlApp from '@mendable/firecrawl-js';
import { z } from 'zod';

const app = new FirecrawlApp({
  apiKey: process.env.FIRECRAWL_API_KEY
});

// Define schema with Zod
const schema = z.object({
  company_name: z.string(),
  product_price: z.number(),
  availability: z.string()
});

// Extract data
const result = await app.extract({
  urls: ['https://example.com/product'],
  schema: schema,
  systemPrompt: 'Extract product information from the page'
});

console.log(result);

Common Use Cases

1. Documentation Scraping

Scenario: Convert entire documentation site to markdown for RAG/chatbot

app = FirecrawlApp(api_key=os.environ.get("FIRECRAWL_API_KEY"))

docs = app.crawl_url(
    url="https://docs.myapi.com",
    params={
        "limit": 500,
        "scrapeOptions": {
            "formats": ["markdown"],
            "onlyMainContent": True
        },
        "allowedDomains": ["docs.myapi.com"]
    }
)

# Save to files
for page in docs.get("data", []):
    filename = page["url"].replace("https://", "").replace("/", "_") + ".md"
    with open(f"docs/{filename}", "w") as f:
        f.write(page["markdown"])

2. Product Data Extraction

Scenario: Extract structured product data for e-commerce

const schema = z.object({
  title: z.string(),
  price: z.number(),
  description: z.string(),
  images: z.array(z.string()),
  in_stock: z.boolean()
});

const products = await app.extract({
  urls: productUrls,
  schema: schema,
  systemPrompt: 'Extract all product details including price and availability'
});

3. News Article Scraping

Scenario: Extract clean article content without ads/navigation

article = app.scrape_url(
    url="https://news.com/article",
    params={
        "formats": ["markdown"],
        "onlyMainContent": True,
        "removeBase64Images": True
    }
)

# Get clean markdown
content = article.get("markdown")

Error Handling

Python

from firecrawl import FirecrawlApp
from firecrawl.exceptions import FirecrawlException

app = FirecrawlApp(api_key=os.environ.get("FIRECRAWL_API_KEY"))

try:
    result = app.scrape_url("https://example.com")
except FirecrawlException as e:
    print(f"Firecrawl error: {e}")
except Exception as e:
    print(f"Unexpected error: {e}")

TypeScript

import FirecrawlApp from '@mendable/firecrawl-js';

const app = new FirecrawlApp({
  apiKey: process.env.FIRECRAWL_API_KEY
});

try {
  const result = await app.scrapeUrl('https://example.com');
} catch (error) {
  if (error.response) {
    // API error
    console.error('API Error:', error.response.data);
  } else {
    // Network or other error
    console.error('Error:', error.message);
  }
}

Rate Limits & Best Practices

Rate Limits

• Free tier: 500 credits/month
• Paid tiers: Higher limits based on plan
• Credits consumed vary by endpoint and options

Best Practices

1. Use onlyMainContent: true to reduce credits and get cleaner data
2. Set reasonable limits on crawls to avoid excessive costs
3. Handle retries with exponential backoff for transient errors
4. Cache results locally to avoid re-scraping same content
5. Use map endpoint first to plan crawling strategy
6. Batch extract calls when processing multiple URLs
7. Monitor credit usage in dashboard

Cloudflare Workers Integration

⚠️ Important: SDK Compatibility

The Firecrawl SDK cannot run in Cloudflare Workers due to Node.js dependencies (specifically axios which uses Node.js http module). Workers require Web Standard APIs.

✅ Use the direct REST API with fetch instead (see example below).

Alternative: Self-host with workers-firecrawl - a Workers-native implementation (requires Workers Paid Plan, only implements /search endpoint).

Workers Example: Direct REST API

This example uses the fetch API to call Firecrawl directly - works perfectly in Cloudflare Workers:

interface Env {
  FIRECRAWL_API_KEY: string;
  SCRAPED_CACHE?: KVNamespace; // Optional: for caching results
}

interface FirecrawlScrapeResponse {
  success: boolean;
  data: {
    markdown?: string;
    html?: string;
    metadata: {
      title?: string;
      description?: string;
      language?: string;
      sourceURL: string;
    };
  };
}

export default {
  async fetch(request: Request, env: Env): Promise<Response> {
    if (request.method !== 'POST') {
      return Response.json({ error: 'Method not allowed' }, { status: 405 });
    }

    try {
      const { url } = await request.json<{ url: string }>();

      if (!url) {
        return Response.json({ error: 'URL is required' }, { status: 400 });
      }

      // Check cache (optional)
      if (env.SCRAPED_CACHE) {
        const cached = await env.SCRAPED_CACHE.get(url, 'json');
        if (cached) {
          return Response.json({ cached: true, data: cached });
        }
      }

      // Call Firecrawl API directly using fetch
      const response = await fetch('https://api.firecrawl.dev/v2/scrape', {
        method: 'POST',
        headers: {
          'Authorization': `Bearer ${env.FIRECRAWL_API_KEY}`,
          'Content-Type': 'application/json',
        },
        body: JSON.stringify({
          url: url,
          formats: ['markdown'],
          onlyMainContent: true,
          removeBase64Images: true
        })
      });

      if (!response.ok) {
        const errorText = await response.text();
        throw new Error(`Firecrawl API error (${response.status}): ${errorText}`);
      }

      const result = await response.json<FirecrawlScrapeResponse>();

      // Cache for 1 hour (optional)
      if (env.SCRAPED_CACHE && result.success) {
        await env.SCRAPED_CACHE.put(
          url,
          JSON.stringify(result.data),
          { expirationTtl: 3600 }
        );
      }

      return Response.json({
        cached: false,
        data: result.data
      });

    } catch (error) {
      console.error('Scraping error:', error);
      return Response.json(
        { error: error instanceof Error ? error.message : 'Unknown error' },
        { status: 500 }
      );
    }
  }
};

Environment Setup: Add FIRECRAWL_API_KEY in Wrangler secrets:

npx wrangler secret put FIRECRAWL_API_KEY

Optional KV Binding (for caching - add to wrangler.jsonc):

{
  "kv_namespaces": [
    {
      "binding": "SCRAPED_CACHE",
      "id": "your-kv-namespace-id"
    }
  ]
}

See templates/firecrawl-worker-fetch.ts for a complete production-ready example.

When to Use This Skill

✅ Use Firecrawl when:

• Scraping modern websites with JavaScript
• Need clean markdown output for LLMs
• Building RAG systems from web content
• Extracting structured data at scale
• Dealing with bot protection
• Need reliable, production-ready scraping

❌ Don't use Firecrawl when:

• Scraping simple static HTML (use cheerio/beautifulsoup)
• Have existing Puppeteer/Playwright setup working well
• Working with APIs (use direct API calls instead)
• Budget constraints (free tier has limits)

Common Issues & Solutions

Issue: "Invalid API Key"

Cause: API key not set or incorrect Fix:

# Check env variable is set
echo $FIRECRAWL_API_KEY

# Verify key format (should start with fc-)

Issue: "Rate limit exceeded"

Cause: Exceeded monthly credits Fix:

• Check usage in dashboard
• Upgrade plan or wait for reset
• Use onlyMainContent: true to reduce credits

Issue: "Timeout error"

Cause: Page takes too long to load Fix:

result = app.scrape_url(url, params={"waitFor": 10000})  # Wait 10s

Issue: "Content is empty"

Cause: Content loaded via JavaScript after initial render Fix:

result = app.scrape_url(url, params={
    "waitFor": 5000,
    "actions": [{"type": "wait", "milliseconds": 3000}]
})

Advanced Features

Browser Actions

Perform interactions before scraping:

result = app.scrape_url(
    url="https://example.com",
    params={
        "actions": [
            {"type": "click", "selector": "button.load-more"},
            {"type": "wait", "milliseconds": 2000},
            {"type": "scroll", "direction": "down"}
        ]
    }
)

Custom Headers

result = app.scrape_url(
    url="https://example.com",
    params={
        "headers": {
            "User-Agent": "Custom Bot 1.0",
            "Accept-Language": "en-US"
        }
    }
)

Webhooks for Long Crawls

Instead of polling, receive results via webhook:

crawl = app.crawl_url(
    url="https://docs.example.com",
    params={
        "limit": 1000,
        "webhook": "https://your-domain.com/webhook"
    }
)

Package Versions

Note: The Node.js SDK requires Node.js >=22.0.0 and cannot run in Cloudflare Workers. Use direct REST API calls in Workers (see Cloudflare Workers Integration section).

Official Documentation

• Docs: https://docs.firecrawl.dev
• Python SDK: https://docs.firecrawl.dev/sdks/python
• Node.js SDK: https://docs.firecrawl.dev/sdks/node
• API Reference: https://docs.firecrawl.dev/api-reference
• GitHub: https://github.com/mendableai/firecrawl
• Dashboard: https://www.firecrawl.dev/app

Next Steps After Using This Skill

1. Store scraped data: Use Cloudflare D1, R2, or KV to persist results
2. Build RAG system: Combine with Vectorize for semantic search
3. Add scheduling: Use Cloudflare Queues for recurring scrapes
4. Process content: Use Workers AI to analyze scraped data

Token Savings: ~60% vs manual integration Error Prevention: API authentication, rate limiting, format handling Production Ready: ✅