Dry Principle Skill
- Follow the DRY (Don't Repeat Yourself) Principle and Avoid Duplicating Code or Logic.
- Avoid writing the same code more than once. Instead, reuse your code using functions, classes, modules, libraries, or other abstractions.
- Modify code in one place if you need to change or update it.
Iron Laws
- NEVER extract to a shared abstraction until you have at least 3 concrete instances of the same logic — premature extraction creates wrong abstractions that are harder to remove than the original duplication.
- ALWAYS maintain a single source of truth for configuration values — the same constant or config value defined in two places will diverge and cause bugs.
- NEVER apply DRY to coincidentally similar code that serves different purposes — coupling unrelated concepts through shared abstractions creates cascading change requirements.
- ALWAYS prefer readability over DRY when the abstraction requires indirection that obscures what the code does — a small amount of duplication is often better than an obscure helper.
- NEVER use copy-paste as a first resort for new similar functionality — always check whether an existing abstraction can be extended or parameterized first.
Anti-Patterns
| Anti-Pattern | Why It Fails | Correct Approach |
|---|---|---|
| Extracting on the second occurrence (Rule of Two) | Two instances may be coincidentally similar; wrong abstraction is worse than duplication | Wait for the third occurrence before extracting; use the Rule of Three |
| Coupling unrelated concepts through shared helpers | Changes to one domain break the other; creates unexpected dependencies | Only extract when the shared logic genuinely represents the same domain concept |
| Over-abstracting to eliminate all apparent duplication | Creates complex indirection that requires reading 3 files to understand 1 operation | Prefer 3 readable duplicate lines over 1 inscrutable abstraction |
| Same constant defined in multiple configuration files | Values diverge silently; one-off changes cause hard-to-trace bugs | Single config module or environment variable; import everywhere |
| DRY applied to test code (reducing fixture duplication) | Test setup that's too DRY becomes hard to read in isolation | Tests should be self-contained; some duplication in test setup is acceptable |
Memory Protocol (MANDATORY)
Before starting:
cat .claude/context/memory/learnings.mdAfter completing: Record any new patterns or exceptions discovered.
ASSUME INTERRUPTION: Your context may reset. If it's not in memory, it didn't happen.