drupal-ddev（Drupal 开发）

DDEV for Drupal Development

Comprehensive patterns for using DDEV as your local Drupal development environment, including setup, configuration, workflow optimization, and troubleshooting.

When This Skill Activates

Activates when working with DDEV local development including:

• DDEV configuration (.ddev/config.yaml)
• Local environment setup and management
• Database import/export operations
• Drush integration
• Xdebug and debugging tools
• Performance optimization
• Multi-site and custom commands

Available Topics

Core Setup

• @references/installation.md - Installing and configuring DDEV
• @references/config-yaml.md -.ddev/config.yaml reference
• @references/commands.md - Essential DDEV commands

Database Operations

• @references/database.md - Import, export, and snapshot workflows
• @references/drush.md - Using Drush with DDEV

Development Tools

• @references/xdebug.md - Debugging with Xdebug
• @references/mailhog.md - Email testing with MailHog
• @references/solr.md - Local Solr search setup

Advanced

• @references/custom-commands.md - Creating project-specific commands
• @references/hooks.md - Pre/post hooks automation
• @references/performance.md - Optimizing DDEV performance
• @references/multisite.md - Multi-site configuration

See /references/ directory for complete documentation.

Quick Reference

Essential Commands

# Start project
ddev start

# Stop project
ddev stop

# Restart services
ddev restart

# SSH into web container
ddev ssh

# Run Drush commands
ddev drush cr
ddev drush status
ddev drush config:status

# Run Composer
ddev composer require drupal/module_name
ddev composer update

# Database operations
ddev import-db --file=backup.sql.gz
ddev export-db --file=backup.sql.gz
ddev snapshot

# View logs
ddev logs
ddev logs -f    # Follow mode

# Describe project
ddev describe

# Access URLs
ddev launch     # Open site in browser

Basic.ddev/config.yaml

name: myproject
type: drupal10
docroot: web
php_version: "8.3"
webserver_type: nginx-fpm
database:
  type: mariadb
  version: "10.6"
nodejs_version: "20"

# Additional services
additional_services:
  - solr

# Custom upload/execution limits
upload_dirs:
  - web/sites/default/files

# Performance settings
performance_mode: mutagen  # For macOS

Common Workflows

New Drupal Project

# Create project directory
mkdir myproject && cd myproject

# Initialize DDEV
ddev config --project-type=drupal10 --docroot=web --php-version=8.3

# Install Drupal via Composer
ddev composer create drupal/recommended-project

# Install Drush
ddev composer require drush/drush

# Start DDEV
ddev start

# Install Drupal
ddev drush site:install standard --site-name="My Site" --account-name=admin

# Launch site
ddev launch

Import Existing Project

# Clone repository
git clone repo-url myproject && cd myproject

# Start DDEV (reads .ddev/config.yaml)
ddev start

# Install dependencies
ddev composer install

# Import database
ddev import-db --file=path/to/backup.sql.gz

# Import files (if needed)
ddev import-files --source=/path/to/files

# Run updates
ddev drush updb -y
ddev drush cr

# Launch
ddev launch

Database Sync from Remote

# Option 1: Download backup and import
# Use your hosting provider's CLI or dashboard to create/download a DB backup
# Example with a generic provider:
scp user@remote.server:/path/to/backup.sql.gz backup.sql.gz

# Import to local
ddev import-db --file=backup.sql.gz

# Option 2: Using DDEV pull (if configured with a provider integration)
ddev pull --environment=live

# Run updates after import
ddev drush updb -y
ddev drush cr

# Sanitize for local (optional)
ddev drush sql-sanitize -y

Daily Development Workflow

# Morning: Start project
ddev start

# Pull latest code
git pull origin main

# Update dependencies if needed
ddev composer install

# Clear cache
ddev drush cr

# Work on features...

# Create database snapshot before testing
ddev snapshot --name=before-testing

# Test changes...

# If needed, restore snapshot
ddev snapshot restore --name=before-testing

# Evening: Stop project
ddev stop

Debugging with Xdebug

# Enable Xdebug
ddev xdebug on

# Run your debugger in IDE (PHPStorm, VSCode)
# Set breakpoints and refresh page

# Disable when done (improves performance)
ddev xdebug off

# Check Xdebug status
ddev xdebug status

VSCode launch.json:

{
  "name": "Listen for Xdebug",
  "type": "php",
  "request": "launch",
  "port": 9003,
  "pathMappings": {
    "/var/www/html": "${workspaceFolder}"
  }
}

Performance Optimization

macOS Performance (Mutagen)

# .ddev/config.yaml
performance_mode: mutagen

# Restart after config change
ddev restart

NFS Mount (Alternative for macOS)

# .ddev/config.yaml
nfs_mount_enabled: true

Database Tuning

# .ddev/config.yaml
database:
  type: mariadb
  version: "10.6"

# Create .ddev/mysql/my.cnf
[mysqld]
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 512M
innodb_log_file_size = 128M

Custom Commands

Create project-specific commands in .ddev/commands/web/:

Example: .ddev/commands/web/fresh-install

#!/bin/bash
## Description: Fresh Drupal install from scratch
## Usage: fresh-install
## Example: ddev fresh-install

set -e

echo "Installing fresh Drupal site..."

# Drop existing database
drush sql-drop -y

# Install Drupal
drush site:install standard \
  --site-name="My Site" \
  --account-name=admin \
  --account-pass=admin \
  -y

# Import config if exists
if [ -d /var/www/html/config/default ]; then
  drush config:import -y
fi

# Clear cache
drush cr

echo "Fresh install complete!"
echo "Login: admin / admin"

Make it executable:

chmod +x .ddev/commands/web/fresh-install
ddev fresh-install

Best Practices

1. Commit.ddev/config.yaml - Share config with team
2. Use ddev composer instead of local composer
3. Don't commit database snapshots - Too large
4. Create snapshots before risky operations
5. Disable Xdebug when not debugging - Performance impact
6. Use mutagen on macOS - Much faster file sync
7. Regular ddev poweroff - Free up system resources
8. Version pin services - PHP, database, Node.js
9. Use hooks for automation - Post-start tasks
10. Document custom commands - Help team members

Common Issues

Site Not Loading

# Restart project
ddev restart

# Check status
ddev describe

# View logs
ddev logs

# Clear Drupal cache
ddev drush cr

Database Connection Error

# Check database is running
ddev describe

# Verify settings.php or settings.ddev.php exists
ddev ssh
ls web/sites/default/settings*.php

Port Conflicts

# Stop all DDEV projects
ddev poweroff

# Check for port conflicts
lsof -i :80 -i :443

# Change router HTTP port if needed
ddev config --router-http-port=8080 --router-https-port=8443

Slow Performance on macOS

# Enable mutagen
ddev config --performance-mode=mutagen
ddev restart

# Or use NFS
ddev config --nfs-mount-enabled=true
ddev restart

PHP Deprecation Warnings in Drush

If you're seeing PHP deprecation warnings when running Drush commands (especially with PHP 8.4), create a custom PHP configuration file to suppress them:

.ddev/php/drush.ini:

; Suppress PHP deprecation warnings for Drush commands
[PHP]
error_reporting = 22527
display_errors = Off
display_startup_errors = Off
log_errors = On
error_log = /tmp/php-errors.log

Then restart DDEV:

ddev restart

How it works:

• error_reporting = 22527 equals E_ALL & ~E_DEPRECATED
• display_errors = Off prevents warnings from appearing on STDERR
• display_startup_errors = Off suppresses bootstrap warnings
• Errors are logged to /tmp/php-errors.log instead of being displayed

This configuration applies to both web and CLI contexts since DDEV copies .ddev/php/*.ini files to both /etc/php/[version]/cli/conf.d/ and /etc/php/[version]/fpm/conf.d/.

Docker Desktop overlay2 I/O Errors

If Docker Desktop gets into a bad state producing overlay2 or containerd I/O errors such as:

Error response from daemon: error creating temporary lease: write /var/lib/desktop-containerd/daemon/io.containerd.metadata.v1.bolt/meta.db: input/output error

Error response from daemon: open /var/lib/docker/overlay2/...: input/output error

A normal quit and restart of Docker Desktop is not sufficient. You must force quit ALL Docker processes (via Activity Monitor or killall -9 Docker / killall -9 com.docker.hyperkit), then relaunch Docker Desktop. Only a full force quit clears the corrupted state.

Unhealthy Containers / Mutagen Sync Hanging

After Docker crashes or force-quits, DDEV can get into a bad state where:

• ddev start hangs at "Starting Mutagen sync process..."
• Web container reports unhealthy (phpstatus:FAILED, mailpit:FAILED)
• ddev mutagen reset fails with "CreateOrResumeMutagenSync Failure"

Fix (run in order):

# 1. Full power off to clean up all containers and networks
ddev poweroff

# 2. Start fresh
ddev start

If ddev poweroff doesn't resolve it:

# 1. Stop DDEV
ddev stop

# 2. Reset the Mutagen daemon
~/.ddev/bin/mutagen daemon stop
~/.ddev/bin/mutagen daemon start

# 3. Reset Mutagen sync (removes Docker volume, forces full resync)
ddev mutagen reset

# 4. Start fresh
ddev start

Monitoring commands while troubleshooting:

ddev mutagen status -l      # Detailed sync status
ddev mutagen monitor        # Real-time sync progress
docker inspect --format "{{ json .State.Health }}" ddev-<project>-web  # Container health

Multi-Project Management

# List all projects
ddev list

# Stop all projects
ddev poweroff

# Remove stopped projects
ddev delete <project-name>

# Remove all project containers (keep files)
ddev delete --omit-snapshot --yes <project-name>

Related Skills

• @drupal-config-mgmt - Config management workflows
• @drupal-contrib-mgmt - Module management with Composer
• @drupal-at-your-fingertips - General Drupal patterns

Official Documentation: https://ddev.readthedocs.io Drupal DDEV Quickstart: https://ddev.readthedocs.io/en/stable/users/quickstart/ Community Support: https://discord.gg/5wjP76mBJD