Edge Cases
An edge cases document systematically catalogs the unusual, boundary, and error scenarios for a feature. While happy-path flows are typically well-specified, edge cases often get discovered in production. causing bugs, poor user experience, and support burden. Documenting edge cases upfront ensures engineering handles them intentionally and QA knows what to test.
When to Use
- During feature specification before engineering begins
- When preparing QA test plans
- After discovering production bugs to prevent similar issues
- When reviewing PRDs or user stories for completeness
- Before launch to ensure error states have been designed
Instructions
When asked to document edge cases, follow these steps:
- Define the Feature Scope Clearly describe what feature or flow you're analyzing. Edge cases are specific to context. the same input might be valid in one feature and invalid in another.
- Walk Through Input Validation Consider every user input: What if it's empty? Too long? Wrong format? Contains special characters? What are the minimum and maximum valid values?
- Explore Boundary Conditions Find the edges of acceptable ranges. If a field accepts 1-100, test 0, 1, 100, and 101. Consider pagination boundaries, timeout thresholds, and rate limits.
- Map Error States Identify what can go wrong: network failures, permission denied, resource not found, concurrent modifications, expired sessions. Document both the scenario and expected behavior.
- Consider Concurrency Issues What if two users act simultaneously? What if the user double-clicks? What if data changes between load and save? Race conditions often cause subtle bugs.
- Define Recovery Paths For each error, specify how users recover. What message do they see? Can they retry? Is data preserved? Good error handling turns frustration into confidence.
- Prioritize by Likelihood and Impact Not all edge cases need the same attention. High-likelihood + high-impact cases need robust handling; rare + low-impact cases might just need graceful failure.
Output Format
Use the template in references/TEMPLATE.md to structure the output.
Quality Checklist
Before finalizing, verify:
- All user inputs have validation edge cases documented
- Boundary conditions are explicitly listed
- Network/system failure scenarios are covered
- Each error state has a defined user-facing message
- Recovery paths are specified (not just error detection)
- Edge cases are prioritized by likelihood and impact
Examples
See references/EXAMPLE.md for a completed example.