connect-mcp-server（connect MCP server 命令行）

Connect MCP Server Guide

This skill helps you connect MCP (Model Context Protocol) servers to Claude Code, enabling integrations with external services like GitHub, Notion, databases, project management tools, and custom APIs.

Quick Start

When connecting an MCP server, follow this workflow:

1. Identify the server - Which service do you want to integrate?
2. Choose transport - HTTP (remote), stdio (local), or SSE (deprecated)
3. Gather credentials - API keys, tokens, or OAuth requirements
4. Select scope - Local (default), project (.mcp.json), or user (cross-project)
5. Add server - Use claude mcp add command
6. Authenticate - Use /mcp in Claude Code for OAuth
7. Test connection - Verify server status and available tools
8. Use resources/prompts - Access via @ and / prefixes

What is MCP?

Model Context Protocol (MCP) is a standard for connecting AI assistants to external services and data sources. MCP servers provide:

• Tools: Functions Claude can execute (e.g., create GitHub issue)
• Resources: Data Claude can reference (e.g., @github:issue://123)
• Prompts: Pre-built commands (e.g., /mcp__github__review-pr)

Transport Protocols

1. HTTP Servers (Recommended)

Best for: Remote cloud-based services Protocol: HTTP/HTTPS with JSON-RPC

Basic syntax:

claude mcp add --transport http <name> <url>

Examples:

Notion integration:

claude mcp add --transport http notion https://mcp.notion.com/mcp

GitHub integration:

claude mcp add --transport http github https://mcp.github.com

Custom API with authentication:

claude mcp add --transport http secure-api https://api.example.com/mcp \
  --header "Authorization: Bearer your-token-here"

Multiple headers:

claude mcp add --transport http api https://api.example.com/mcp \
  --header "Authorization: Bearer token" \
  --header "X-API-Version: v2"

Advantages:

• No local installation required
• Works across networks
• Managed by service provider
• Automatic updates
• OAuth 2.0 support

2. Stdio Servers (Local)

Best for: Local tools requiring system access Protocol: Standard input/output (stdin/stdout)

Basic syntax:

claude mcp add --transport stdio <name> <command> [args...]

Examples:

Using npx (recommended for Node.js servers):

claude mcp add --transport stdio filesystem -- npx -y @modelcontextprotocol/server-filesystem /path/to/allowed/directory

With environment variables:

claude mcp add --transport stdio airtable \
  --env AIRTABLE_API_KEY=your-key-here \
  -- npx -y airtable-mcp-server

Direct executable:

claude mcp add --transport stdio custom-server -- /usr/local/bin/my-server --arg1 value1

Windows-specific (requires cmd /c wrapper):

claude mcp add --transport stdio github-local -- cmd /c npx -y @modelcontextprotocol/server-github

Python server:

claude mcp add --transport stdio python-server -- python3 /path/to/server.py

Advantages:

• Direct file system access
• No network latency
• Full control over installation
• Works offline
• Can integrate system utilities

Important notes:

• The -- separator is required before the command
• Use -y flag with npx to auto-install
• Windows requires cmd /c wrapper for npx

3. SSE Servers (Deprecated)

Status: Deprecated - use HTTP servers instead

Syntax (if needed):

claude mcp add --transport sse <name> <url>

Note: SSE (Server-Sent Events) transport is being phased out. Migrate to HTTP servers where available.

Configuration Scopes

Local Scope (Default)

Storage: User settings (not shared) Use for: Personal project-specific servers

claude mcp add --transport http notion https://mcp.notion.com/mcp

No --scope flag means local scope.

Project Scope

Storage: .mcp.json in project root (shared via git) Use for: Team-wide integrations

claude mcp add --transport http github https://mcp.github.com --scope project

Creates: .mcp.json file:

{
  "mcpServers": {
    "github": {
      "type": "http",
      "url": "https://mcp.github.com"
    }
  }
}

Important: Claude Code prompts for approval before using project-scoped servers from .mcp.json files for security.

User Scope

Storage: User settings (cross-project) Use for: Servers you use across all projects

claude mcp add --transport stdio filesystem \
  --scope user \
  -- npx -y @modelcontextprotocol/server-filesystem ~/Documents

Available in all projects on your machine.

Manual Configuration (.mcp.json)

HTTP Server Configuration

{
  "mcpServers": {
    "github": {
      "type": "http",
      "url": "https://mcp.github.com",
      "headers": {
        "Authorization": "Bearer ${GITHUB_TOKEN}",
        "X-Custom-Header": "value"
      }
    },
    "notion": {
      "type": "http",
      "url": "https://mcp.notion.com/mcp"
    }
  }
}

Stdio Server Configuration

{
  "mcpServers": {
    "filesystem": {
      "type": "stdio",
      "command": "npx",
      "args": [
        "-y",
        "@modelcontextprotocol/server-filesystem",
        "/path/to/allowed/directory"
      ]
    },
    "postgres": {
      "type": "stdio",
      "command": "npx",
      "args": ["-y", "@modelcontextprotocol/server-postgres"],
      "env": {
        "POSTGRES_CONNECTION_STRING": "${DATABASE_URL}"
      }
    },
    "custom-python": {
      "type": "stdio",
      "command": "python3",
      "args": ["/path/to/server.py", "--config", "config.json"],
      "env": {
        "PYTHONPATH": "/custom/python/path",
        "API_KEY": "${MY_API_KEY}"
      }
    }
  }
}

Complete Example with Multiple Servers

{
  "mcpServers": {
    "github": {
      "type": "http",
      "url": "https://mcp.github.com",
      "headers": {
        "Authorization": "Bearer ${GITHUB_TOKEN}"
      }
    },
    "filesystem": {
      "type": "stdio",
      "command": "npx",
      "args": [
        "-y",
        "@modelcontextprotocol/server-filesystem",
        "${HOME}/projects"
      ]
    },
    "postgres": {
      "type": "stdio",
      "command": "npx",
      "args": ["-y", "@modelcontextprotocol/server-postgres"],
      "env": {
        "POSTGRES_CONNECTION_STRING": "${DATABASE_URL:-postgresql://localhost:5432/mydb}"
      }
    },
    "slack": {
      "type": "http",
      "url": "https://mcp.slack.com",
      "headers": {
        "Authorization": "Bearer ${SLACK_TOKEN}"
      }
    }
  }
}

Environment Variables

Variable Expansion

Claude Code supports environment variable expansion:

Syntax:

• ${VAR} - Expands to environment variable value
• ${VAR:-default} - Uses default if variable not set

Supported locations:

• Command paths
• Arguments
• Environment settings
• HTTP headers

Examples:

{
  "mcpServers": {
    "api": {
      "type": "http",
      "url": "https://api.example.com/mcp",
      "headers": {
        "Authorization": "Bearer ${API_TOKEN}",
        "X-Environment": "${ENVIRONMENT:-production}"
      }
    },
    "local-server": {
      "type": "stdio",
      "command": "${HOME}/bin/my-server",
      "args": ["--config", "${CONFIG_PATH:-/etc/server.conf}"],
      "env": {
        "LOG_LEVEL": "${LOG_LEVEL:-info}",
        "DATA_DIR": "${DATA_DIR}"
      }
    }
  }
}

Setting Environment Variables

macOS/Linux (.bashrc, .zshrc):

export GITHUB_TOKEN="ghp_your_token_here"
export DATABASE_URL="postgresql://user:pass@localhost:5432/db"
export API_KEY="your-api-key"

Windows (PowerShell):

$env:GITHUB_TOKEN = "ghp_your_token_here"
$env:DATABASE_URL = "postgresql://user:pass@localhost:5432/db"

Session-specific:

# Set variable before running Claude Code
GITHUB_TOKEN=token DATABASE_URL=url claude

Authentication

OAuth 2.0 (Recommended)

Many cloud-based MCP servers use OAuth 2.0:

Process:

1. Add server (no credentials needed initially)
2. Start Claude Code
3. Type /mcp command
4. Follow browser login flow
5. Tokens stored securely and auto-refreshed

Example:

# Add GitHub server
claude mcp add --transport http github https://mcp.github.com

# In Claude Code session
/mcp
# Opens browser for GitHub authentication

API Token Authentication

For services using API tokens:

Via header:

claude mcp add --transport http service https://api.example.com/mcp \
  --header "Authorization: Bearer your-token"

Via environment variable:

# Set environment variable
export SERVICE_TOKEN="your-token"

# Add server with variable reference
claude mcp add --transport http service https://api.example.com/mcp \
  --header "Authorization: Bearer ${SERVICE_TOKEN}"

No Authentication

Public or local servers:

claude mcp add --transport http public https://public-api.example.com/mcp

Server Management Commands

List All Servers

claude mcp list

Output:

Configured MCP servers:
  github (http) - https://mcp.github.com
  filesystem (stdio) - npx -y @modelcontextprotocol/server-filesystem
  postgres (stdio) - npx -y @modelcontextprotocol/server-postgres

Get Server Details

claude mcp get github

Output:

{
  "type": "http",
  "url": "https://mcp.github.com",
  "headers": {
    "Authorization": "Bearer ..."
  }
}

Remove Server

claude mcp remove github

Reset Project Approval Choices

claude mcp reset-project-choices

Clears your approval decisions for project-scoped servers.

Check Server Status (In Claude Code)

/mcp

Shows:

• Connected servers
• Authentication status
• Available tools and resources

Using MCP Resources

Reference Resources with @

Type @ in Claude Code to see available resources:

Format:

@server:protocol://resource/path

Examples:

GitHub issue:

Review the implementation in @github:issue://123

Notion page:

Summarize @notion:page://abc123def456

File from filesystem server:

Compare @filesystem:file:///project/src/old.js with current implementation

Database table:

Analyze schema for @postgres:table://users

Using MCP Prompts

Execute Prompts with /

Type / to discover MCP prompts:

Format:

/mcp__servername__promptname [arguments]

Examples:

GitHub PR review:

/mcp__github__review-pr 123

Notion page creation:

/mcp__notion__create-page "Project Ideas" "Brainstorming session notes"

Database query:

/mcp__postgres__query "SELECT * FROM users WHERE active = true"

Output Limits

Default Limits

• Warning threshold: 10,000 tokens
• Default maximum: 25,000 tokens

Configure Output Limit

# Allow larger outputs (50,000 tokens)
export MAX_MCP_OUTPUT_TOKENS=50000
claude

# Or inline
MAX_MCP_OUTPUT_TOKENS=50000 claude

Use when:

• Server returns large datasets
• Processing extensive documents
• Analyzing comprehensive logs

Timeout Configuration

MCP Server Startup Timeout

# 10-second timeout (default is 5 seconds)
MCP_TIMEOUT=10000 claude

Use when:

• Server initialization is slow
• Network latency is high
• Complex server setup required

Popular MCP Servers

Official MCP Servers

GitHub:

claude mcp add --transport http github https://mcp.github.com

Tools: Create issues, review PRs, manage repositories

Filesystem:

claude mcp add --transport stdio filesystem -- npx -y @modelcontextprotocol/server-filesystem ~/Documents

Tools: Read/write files, search directories

PostgreSQL:

claude mcp add --transport stdio postgres \
  --env POSTGRES_CONNECTION_STRING=postgresql://localhost:5432/db \
  -- npx -y @modelcontextprotocol/server-postgres

Tools: Query database, analyze schema

Slack:

claude mcp add --transport http slack https://mcp.slack.com

Tools: Send messages, search history, manage channels

Google Drive:

claude mcp add --transport http gdrive https://mcp.google.com/drive

Tools: Access files, search documents, manage folders

Brave Search:

claude mcp add --transport stdio brave-search \
  --env BRAVE_API_KEY=your-key \
  -- npx -y @modelcontextprotocol/server-brave-search

Tools: Web search, fact-checking

Git:

claude mcp add --transport stdio git -- npx -y @modelcontextprotocol/server-git

Tools: Repository operations, commit history, diff analysis

Sentry:

claude mcp add --transport http sentry https://mcp.sentry.io \
  --header "Authorization: Bearer ${SENTRY_TOKEN}"

Tools: Error monitoring, stack trace analysis

Linear:

claude mcp add --transport http linear https://mcp.linear.app

Tools: Issue tracking, project management

Notion:

claude mcp add --transport http notion https://mcp.notion.com/mcp

Tools: Page creation, database queries, content search

Community MCP Servers

Airtable:

claude mcp add --transport stdio airtable \
  --env AIRTABLE_API_KEY=your-key \
  -- npx -y airtable-mcp-server

MongoDB:

claude mcp add --transport stdio mongodb \
  --env MONGODB_URI=mongodb://localhost:27017 \
  -- npx -y mongodb-mcp-server

Redis:

claude mcp add --transport stdio redis \
  --env REDIS_URL=redis://localhost:6379 \
  -- npx -y redis-mcp-server

AWS:

claude mcp add --transport stdio aws \
  --env AWS_PROFILE=default \
  -- npx -y aws-mcp-server

Enterprise MCP Configuration

Managed MCP Servers

Administrators can deploy centralized configurations:

macOS:

/Library/Application Support/ClaudeCode/managed-mcp.json

Windows:

C:\ProgramData\ClaudeCode\managed-mcp.json

Linux:

/etc/claude-code/managed-mcp.json

Allowlists/Denylists

managed-settings.json:

{
  "mcpServers": {
    "allowlist": ["github", "slack", "notion"],
    "denylist": ["unapproved-server"]
  }
}

Controls which servers users can configure.

Security Considerations

Trust Verification

CRITICAL WARNING: "Use third party MCP servers at your own risk - Anthropic has not verified the correctness or security of all these servers."

Before installing:

• Verify server source (official vs community)
• Review server code if open source
• Check reputation and reviews
• Understand data access requirements
• Review authentication requirements

Prompt Injection Risks

Servers that fetch untrusted content (web search, user input) can expose Claude to prompt injection attacks.

Mitigation:

• Use servers from trusted sources
• Limit server permissions
• Review server behavior regularly
• Monitor for unexpected actions

Credential Management

Best practices:

• Use environment variables for secrets
• Never commit tokens to git (.mcp.json with ${VAR})
• Rotate credentials regularly
• Use least-privilege access tokens
• Enable OAuth when available

Bad practice:

{
  "mcpServers": {
    "api": {
      "headers": {
        "Authorization": "Bearer hardcoded-token-123"
      }
    }
  }
}

Good practice:

{
  "mcpServers": {
    "api": {
      "headers": {
        "Authorization": "Bearer ${API_TOKEN}"
      }
    }
  }
}

Project-Scoped Server Approval

Claude Code prompts before using servers from .mcp.json:

Prompt:

This project wants to connect to the following MCP servers:
- github (https://mcp.github.com)
- filesystem (local file access)

Do you trust these servers?
[Allow for this session] [Always allow] [Never allow]

Review before approving:

• Server purpose and source
• Data access requirements
• Team trustworthiness
• Security implications

Troubleshooting

Server Not Appearing

Check configuration:

claude mcp list
claude mcp get server-name

Verify:

• Server name is correct
• Configuration syntax is valid
• Environment variables are set
• Server is running (stdio)

Authentication Failing

For OAuth:

/mcp

Re-authenticate through browser

For API tokens:

• Verify environment variable is set: echo $TOKEN_NAME
• Check token hasn't expired
• Verify token permissions

Connection Timeout

Increase timeout:

MCP_TIMEOUT=15000 claude

Check:

• Network connectivity
• Server URL is correct
• Server is running and accessible

Tools Not Available

Verify server is connected:

/mcp

Check:

• Server status shows as connected
• Authentication is complete
• Server supports expected tools

Large Output Truncated

Increase output limit:

MAX_MCP_OUTPUT_TOKENS=50000 claude

Alternative:

• Request smaller data chunks
• Use server filtering options
• Paginate results

Windows npx Issues

Use cmd /c wrapper:

claude mcp add --transport stdio server -- cmd /c npx -y package-name

Testing MCP Servers

1. Verify Server Added

claude mcp list

Confirm server appears in the list.

2. Check Server Details

claude mcp get server-name

Verify configuration is correct.

3. Test in Claude Code

Start Claude Code and run:

/mcp

Confirm:

• Server shows as connected
• Authentication status is OK
• Tools are available

4. Test Resources

Type @ and verify server resources appear:

@server-name:

5. Test Prompts

Type / and verify server prompts appear:

/mcp__server-name__

6. Execute Test Command

Try a simple server operation:

/mcp__github__list-repos

Common Use Cases

Development Workflow

GitHub + Filesystem + Git:

# GitHub for issues and PRs
claude mcp add --transport http github https://mcp.github.com

# Filesystem for project access
claude mcp add --transport stdio filesystem -- npx -y @modelcontextprotocol/server-filesystem ~/projects

# Git for version control
claude mcp add --transport stdio git -- npx -y @modelcontextprotocol/server-git

Usage:

• Review code from @filesystem:file://
• Reference issues with @github:issue://
• Check git history with /mcp__git__log

Database Administration

PostgreSQL + MongoDB:

# PostgreSQL
claude mcp add --transport stdio postgres \
  --env POSTGRES_CONNECTION_STRING=${DATABASE_URL} \
  -- npx -y @modelcontextprotocol/server-postgres

# MongoDB
claude mcp add --transport stdio mongodb \
  --env MONGODB_URI=${MONGO_URL} \
  -- npx -y mongodb-mcp-server

Usage:

• Query data: /mcp__postgres__query "SELECT ..."
• Analyze schema: @postgres:schema://table_name
• Monitor collections: @mongodb:collection://users

Project Management

Linear + Slack + Notion:

# Linear for issues
claude mcp add --transport http linear https://mcp.linear.app

# Slack for communication
claude mcp add --transport http slack https://mcp.slack.com

# Notion for documentation
claude mcp add --transport http notion https://mcp.notion.com/mcp

Usage:

• Create issues: /mcp__linear__create-issue
• Send updates: /mcp__slack__send-message
• Reference docs: @notion:page://abc123

Error Monitoring

Sentry + Logs:

# Sentry for error tracking
claude mcp add --transport http sentry https://mcp.sentry.io \
  --header "Authorization: Bearer ${SENTRY_TOKEN}"

# Custom log server
claude mcp add --transport stdio logs -- python3 ~/mcp-servers/log-analyzer.py

Usage:

• Analyze errors: @sentry:issue://ERROR-123
• Search logs: /mcp__logs__search "authentication failed"

Best Practices Checklist

When connecting an MCP server:

• [ ] Server source is trusted and verified
• [ ] Transport type matches use case (HTTP for remote, stdio for local)
• [ ] Scope is appropriate (local/project/user)
• [ ] Credentials use environment variables (not hardcoded)
• [ ] Authentication is configured (OAuth or API token)
• [ ] Server name is descriptive and unique
• [ ] Environment variables are set before adding server
• [ ] Configuration is tested (claude mcp list, /mcp)
• [ ] Resources and prompts are accessible (@ and /)
• [ ] Team is informed (for project-scoped servers)
• [ ] Security implications reviewed
• [ ] .mcp.json is committed to git (project scope)
• [ ] Secrets are NOT committed to git

Key Principles

1. Trust first - Only install servers from verified sources
2. Environment variables - Use ${VAR} for secrets, never hardcode
3. Scope appropriately - Local for personal, project for team, user for cross-project
4. OAuth when possible - Prefer OAuth over API tokens for security
5. Test thoroughly - Verify connection and tools before relying on server
6. Document for team - Explain server purpose in project README
7. Monitor access - Review what data servers can access
8. Keep updated - Update servers regularly for security patches
9. Least privilege - Grant minimum necessary permissions
10. Review regularly - Audit configured servers periodically

Workflow Summary

When user asks to connect an MCP server:

1. Identify server - Which service/integration is needed?
2. Find installation method - Official docs, GitHub, or custom
3. Choose transport - HTTP (remote) or stdio (local)?
4. Gather credentials - API keys, OAuth setup, connection strings
5. Set environment variables - Export secrets before adding server
6. Select scope - Local (default), project (team), or user (cross-project)
7. Add server - Use claude mcp add command
8. Verify configuration - claude mcp list and claude mcp get
9. Test connection - /mcp in Claude Code session
10. Use server - Access resources (@) and prompts (/)

Remember: MCP servers extend Claude's capabilities by connecting to external services. Always verify server trust, use environment variables for secrets, and test thoroughly before relying on server integrations.