aliyun-vpc-manage（阿里云 vpc 管理）

Category: service

Virtual Private Cloud (VPC)

Validation

mkdir -p output/aliyun-vpc-manage
for f in skills/network/vpc/aliyun-vpc-manage/scripts/*.py; do
  python3 -m py_compile "$f"
done
echo "py_compile_ok" > output/aliyun-vpc-manage/validate.txt

Pass criteria: command exits 0 and output/aliyun-vpc-manage/validate.txt is generated.

Output And Evidence

• Save list/summarize outputs under output/aliyun-vpc-manage/.
• Keep command arguments and region scope in each evidence file.

Use Alibaba Cloud OpenAPI (RPC) with official SDKs or OpenAPI Explorer to manage VPC resources. Prefer the Python SDK for all examples and execution.

Prerequisites

pip install alibabacloud_vpc20160428 alibabacloud_tea_openapi alibabacloud_credentials

• Prepare AccessKey (RAM user/role with least privilege).
• Choose the correct region and endpoint (public/VPC).
• VPC OpenAPI is RPC style; prefer SDK or OpenAPI Explorer to avoid manual signing.

API behavior notes (from VPC docs)

• DescribeVpcs and DescribeVSwitches support pagination via PageNumber + PageSize.
• DescribeVpcs requires RegionId in the request.
• CreateVpc returns VpcId immediately but VPC enters Pending status; poll with DescribeVpcs until Available.
• CreateVSwitch requires an existing VPC in Available status and a valid ZoneId.
• DeleteVpc fails if VPC still has VSwitches, security groups, or other resources attached.
• DeleteVSwitch fails if VSwitch still has ECS instances or other resources.

Workflow

1. Confirm region, resource identifiers, and desired action.
2. Find API group and exact operation name in references/api_overview.md.
3. Call API with Python SDK (preferred) or OpenAPI Explorer.
4. Verify results with describe/list APIs.
5. If you need repeatable inventory or summaries, use scripts/ and write outputs under output/aliyun-vpc-manage/.

SDK priority

1. Python SDK (preferred)
2. OpenAPI Explorer
3. Other SDKs (only if Python is not feasible)

Python SDK quickstart (list VPCs)

Virtual environment is recommended (avoid PEP 668 system install restrictions).

python3 -m venv .venv
. .venv/bin/activate
pip install alibabacloud_vpc20160428 alibabacloud_tea_openapi alibabacloud_credentials

from alibabacloud_vpc20160428.client import Client as Vpc20160428Client
from alibabacloud_vpc20160428 import models as vpc_models
from alibabacloud_tea_openapi import models as open_api_models

def create_client(region_id: str) -> Vpc20160428Client:
    config = open_api_models.Config(
        region_id=region_id,
        endpoint=f"vpc.{region_id}.aliyuncs.com",
    )
    return Vpc20160428Client(config)

def list_vpcs(region_id: str):
    client = create_client(region_id)
    resp = client.describe_vpcs(vpc_models.DescribeVpcsRequest(
        region_id=region_id,
        page_number=1,
        page_size=50,
    ))
    for v in resp.body.vpcs.vpc:
        print(v.vpc_id, v.vpc_name, v.cidr_block, v.status)

if __name__ == "__main__":
    list_vpcs("cn-hangzhou")

Python SDK scripts (recommended for inventory)

• List VPCs in a region: scripts/list_vpcs.py
• List VSwitches in a region: scripts/list_vswitches.py
• Create a VPC: scripts/create_vpc.py
• Create a VSwitch: scripts/create_vswitch.py
• Delete a VPC: scripts/delete_vpc.py
• Delete a VSwitch: scripts/delete_vswitch.py
• Query available zones: scripts/describe_zones.py

VPC 网络规划设计原则

CIDR 地址规划

• 每个地域的业务 VPC 使用独立的 /16 网段，避免跨地域互联时 CIDR 冲突。推荐分配方式：

• 不要使用过大的 CIDR（如 10.0.0.0/8），即使 VSwitch 只用了很小一部分。大网段会阻止与其他 10.x 段 VPC 通过 CEN 互联。
• VSwitch 统一使用 /24（252 可用 IP），对大多数业务足够。如果单可用区需要大量实例，可用 /20（4092 IP）。
• 预留网段间隔用于未来扩展。如应用层用 0-9，数据库层用 10-19，中间件用 20-29。

可用区与高可用

• 生产环境至少覆盖 2~3 个可用区，每个可用区至少 1 个 VSwitch。
• 应用层和数据层分布在不同可用区，确保单 AZ 故障时服务不中断。
• 创建 VSwitch 前先用 scripts/describe_zones.py 查询可用区列表，不同地域的可用区编号不同。

VSwitch 分层隔离

按业务功能对 VSwitch 进行分段，便于通过 ACL 和安全组实现网络隔离：

10.x.0~9.0/24    → 应用层（Web/API 服务器）
10.x.10~19.0/24  → 数据层（RDS、Redis、MongoDB）
10.x.20~29.0/24  → 中间件（MQ、ES、Nacos）
10.x.30~39.0/24  → 管理层（跳板机、运维工具）

VSwitch 命名规范

推荐格式：vsw-{region简写}-{可用区}-{用途}

示例：vsw-sg-a-app、vsw-hz-h-db、vsw-sh-e-middleware

跨地域互联（CEN）

• 需要互联的 VPC 的 CIDR 必须不重叠。
• 自动生成的 VPC（如 FC 组件创建的）通常使用 10.0.0.0/8，不要将其加入 CEN，否则会与其他地域的 10.x 段冲突。
• 业务 VPC 规划时应预先考虑 CEN 互联需求，从一开始就使用不重叠的 /16 网段。

常见陷阱

Common operation mapping

• VPC lifecycle: CreateVpc, DeleteVpc, ModifyVpcAttribute
• VPC query: DescribeVpcs, DescribeVpcAttribute
• VSwitch lifecycle: CreateVSwitch, DeleteVSwitch, ModifyVSwitchAttribute
• VSwitch query: DescribeVSwitches, DescribeVSwitchAttributes
• Route tables: CreateRouteTable, DeleteRouteTable, DescribeRouteTables, CreateRouteEntry, DeleteRouteEntry
• NAT Gateway: CreateNatGateway, DeleteNatGateway, DescribeNatGateways
• EIP: AllocateEipAddress, AssociateEipAddress, UnassociateEipAddress, ReleaseEipAddress, DescribeEipAddresses
• Tags: TagResources, UntagResources, ListTagResources

Query patterns

• List VPCs: DescribeVpcs (supports filters: VpcId, VpcName, IsDefault, ResourceGroupId)
• List VSwitches: DescribeVSwitches (supports filters: VpcId, VSwitchId, ZoneId, VSwitchName, IsDefault)
• Available zones: use ECS DescribeZones API to find valid zones for VSwitch creation

AccessKey priority (must follow, align with README)

1. Environment variables: ALIBABACLOUD_ACCESS_KEY_ID / ALIBABACLOUD_ACCESS_KEY_SECRET / ALIBABACLOUD_REGION_ID Region policy: ALIBABACLOUD_REGION_ID is an optional default. If unset, decide the most reasonable region for the task; if unclear, ask the user.
2. Shared config file: ~/.alibabacloud/credentials (region still from env)

Auth setup (README-aligned)

Environment variables:

export ALIBABACLOUD_ACCESS_KEY_ID="your-ak"
export ALIBABACLOUD_ACCESS_KEY_SECRET="your-sk"
export ALIBABACLOUD_REGION_ID="cn-hangzhou"

Also supported by the Alibaba Cloud SDKs:

export ALIBABA_CLOUD_ACCESS_KEY_ID="your-ak"
export ALIBABA_CLOUD_ACCESS_KEY_SECRET="your-sk"

Legacy compatibility:

export ALICLOUD_ACCESS_KEY_ID="your-ak"
export ALICLOUD_ACCESS_KEY_SECRET="your-sk"

Shared config file:

~/.alibabacloud/credentials

[default]
type = access_key
access_key_id = your-ak
access_key_secret = your-sk

API discovery

• Product code: Vpc
• Default API version: 2016-04-28
• Use OpenAPI metadata endpoints to list APIs and get schemas (see references).

Output policy

If you need to save responses or generated artifacts, write them under: output/aliyun-vpc-manage/

References

• API overview: references/api_overview.md
• Sources: references/sources.md